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Stakeholder analysis in conflict resolution, business administration, environmental health sciences decision making, [1] industrial ecology, public administration, and project management is the process of assessing a system and potential changes to it as they relate to relevant and interested parties known as stakeholders.
All shareholders are stakeholders, but not all stakeholders are shareholders.
Resources are a basis of power. Legally independent organizations can therefore depend on each other. Power and resource dependence are directly linked: Organization A's power over organization B is equal to organization B's dependence on organization A's resources. Power is thus relational, situational and potentially mutual.
Numerous articles and books written on stakeholder theory generally identify Freeman as the "father of stakeholder theory". [14] Freeman's Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach (1984) is widely cited in the field as being the foundation of stakeholder theory, [15] although Freeman himself refers to several bodies of literature used in the development of his approach, including strategic ...
Stakeholder management (also project stakeholder management) is the managing of stakeholders of a project, programme, or activity. A stakeholder is any individual, group or organization that can affect, be affected by, or perceive itself to be affected by a programme.
See Stakeholder analysis for a discussion of people or organizations (legal entities such as companies, and standards bodies) that have a valid interest in the system. They may be affected by it either directly or indirectly. A major new emphasis in the 1990s was a focus on the identification of stakeholders. It is increasingly recognized that ...
System context diagrams are used early in a project to get agreement on the scope under investigation. [4] Context diagrams are typically included in a requirements document. These diagrams must be read by all project stakeholders and thus should be written in plain language, so the stakeholders can understand items within the document.
A corporate stakeholder can affect or be affected by the actions of a business as a whole. Whereas shareholders are often the party with the most direct and obvious interest at stake in business decisions, they are one of various subsets of stakeholders, as customers and employees also have stakes in the outcome.