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  2. Standard Model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Model

    The development of the Standard Model was driven by theoretical and experimental particle physicists alike. The Standard Model is a paradigm of a quantum field theory for theorists, exhibiting a wide range of phenomena, including spontaneous symmetry breaking, anomalies, and non-perturbative behavior.

  3. Mathematical formulation of the Standard Model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_formulation...

    This article describes the mathematics of the Standard Model of particle physics, a gauge quantum field theory containing the internal symmetries of the unitary product group SU(3) × SU(2) × U(1). The theory is commonly viewed as describing the fundamental set of particles – the leptons , quarks , gauge bosons and the Higgs boson .

  4. Category:Standard Model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Standard_Model

    The Standard Model unifies the electroweak theory and quantum chromodynamics into a structure denoted by the gauge groups SU(3)×SU(2)×U(1). Subcategories This category has the following 5 subcategories, out of 5 total.

  5. Elementary particle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementary_particle

    The Standard Model of particle physics contains 12 flavors of elementary fermions, plus their corresponding antiparticles, as well as elementary bosons that mediate the forces and the Higgs boson, which was reported on July 4, 2012, as having been likely detected by the two main experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (ATLAS and CMS). [1] The ...

  6. Physics beyond the Standard Model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physics_beyond_the...

    Despite being the most successful theory of particle physics to date, the Standard Model is not perfect. [3] A large share of the published output of theoretical physicists consists of proposals for various forms of "Beyond the Standard Model" new physics proposals that would modify the Standard Model in ways subtle enough to be consistent with existing data, yet address its imperfections ...

  7. Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimal_Supersymmetric...

    The Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) is an extension to the Standard Model that realizes supersymmetry.MSSM is the minimal supersymmetrical model as it considers only "the [minimum] number of new particle states and new interactions consistent with "Reality". [1]

  8. Standard model (disambiguation) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_model...

    The Standard Solar Model of solar astrophysics; The Lambda-CDM model, the standard model of big bang cosmology; Standard model (cryptography) Intended interpretation of a syntactical system, called standard model in mathematical logic; The standard models of set theory; The Standard Model (Exhibition) held in Stockholm, 2009

  9. Standard-Model Extension - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard-Model_Extension

    In 1989, Alan Kostelecký and Stuart Samuel proved that interactions in string theories could lead to the spontaneous breaking of Lorentz symmetry. [13] Later studies have indicated that loop-quantum gravity, non-commutative field theories, brane-world scenarios, and random dynamics models also involve the breakdown of Lorentz invariance. [14]