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Some of the main tenets of the Vivarana school are as follows: [3] "Karma is responsible for the rise of knowledge of the Self" [3] Knowledge of Brahman can be attained from the Upanishadic texts; Study of these texts is the main factor in gaining jnana, while reflection and meditation are only additional aids
The Bhamati school and the Vivarana school differed on the role of contemplation, but they both "deny the possibility of perceiving supersensuous knowledge through popular yoga techniques." [ 237 ] Later Advaita texts like the Dṛg-Dṛśya-Viveka (14th century) and Vedāntasara (of Sadananda) (15th century) added samādhi as a means to ...
[2] [3] The Chandogya Upanishad teaches the doctrine of tripartition (trivṛtkaraṇa) from which developed the Vedantic theory of pancikarana with regard to the creation of the transformed evolutes of the original elements. [4] This theory is also found narrated to Narada in the Srimad Devi Bhagavatam. [5]
[web 2] [3] [4] Scholars such as Hajime Nakamura and Paul Hacker state that Adi Shankara does not advocate Vivartavada and that his explanations are "remote from any connotation of illusion." According to these scholars, it was the 13th century scholar Prakasatman who gave a definition to Vivarta and it is Prakasatman's theory that is sometimes ...
LibreTexts' current primary support is from the 2018 Open Textbook Pilot Program award from the Department of Education Organization Act. [7] [10] [5] [11] FIPSE [12] Other funding comes from the University of California Davis, the University of California Davis Library, [5] and the California State University System both through MERLOT and its Affordable Learning Solutions (AL$) program.
The accompanying Upanisadic cross-referencing and Sanskrit-English lexicon of key terms will prove themselves enormously helpful to lay readers, students, and scholars." [ 25 ] Hundreds of commentaries in several languages are available on internet in the form of blog articles, videos etc.
Vyākaraṇa (IPA: [ʋjaːkɐrɐɳɐ]) means "separation, distinction, discrimination, analysis, explanation" of something.[9] [10] [11] It also refers to one of the six Vedāngas, or the Vedic field of language analysis, specifically grammatical analysis, grammar, linguistic conventions which creates, polishes, helps a writer express and helps a reader discriminate accurate language.
Illustration from a transcript of Muhammed ibn Umail al-Tamimi's book Al-mâ' al-waraqî (The Silvery Water), Islamic miniature probably from Baghdad, 608H/1211. Alchemy in the medieval Islamic world refers to both traditional alchemy and early practical chemistry (the early chemical investigation of nature in general) by Muslim scholars in the ...