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Araucaria columnaris is a distinctive narrowly conical tree growing up to 60 m (200 ft) tall in its native habit. The trees have a slender, spire-like crown. [3] The shape of young trees strongly resembles A. heterophylla. The bark of the Cook pine peels off in thin paper-like sheets or strips and is rough, grey, and resinous.
Araucaria (/ æ r ɔː ˈ k ɛər i ə /; original pronunciation: [a.ɾawˈka. ɾja]) [ 2 ] is a genus of evergreen coniferous trees in the family Araucariaceae . While today they are largely confined to the Southern Hemisphere , during the Jurassic and Cretaceous they were globally distributed.
Araucariaceae is a family of conifers with three living genera, Araucaria, Agathis, and Wollemia.While the family's native distribution is now largely confined to the Southern Hemisphere, except for a few species of Agathis in Malesia, it was formerly widespread in the Northern Hemisphere during the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.
Other members of this family, Araucariaceae, include Hoop Pine (Araucaria cunninghamii), Queensland Kauri (Agathis robusta) and Cook Pine (Araucaria columnaris), of which the former two are found in rainforests and the latter in coastal forests of New Caledonia.
Araucaria humboldtensis growing in altitude shrubland, on the slopes of Mont Humboldt, New Caledonia. New Caledonia, considered as the smallest of the most significant biodiversity hotspots in the world, [3] hosts a unique flora of which 75.1% is endemic. [4] Species of Araucaria trees can be found in every habitat that New Caledonia possesses. [2]
Agathis, commonly known as kauri or dammara, is a genus of evergreen coniferous trees, native to Australasia and Southeast Asia.It is one of three extant genera in the family Araucariaceae, alongside Wollemia and Araucaria (being more closely related to the former).
Pinaceae: needle-like leaves and vegetative buds of Coast Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii) Araucariaceae: awl-like leaves of Cook pine (Araucaria columnaris) In Abies grandis (grand fir), and many other species with spirally arranged leaves, leaf bases are twisted to flatten their arrangement and maximize light capture.
In turn, the seed plants together with the monilophyte fern subclasses make up the tracheophytes (vascular plants), part of the class Equisetopsida (embryophytes or land plants), as opposed to the green algae. Among the seed plants, the gymnosperms are a sister group to the subclass Magnoliidae (angiosperms or flowering plants).