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In the short-run, a profit-maximizing firm will: Increase production if marginal cost is less than marginal revenue (added revenue per additional unit of output); Decrease production if marginal cost is greater than marginal revenue;
The profit maximization issue can also be approached from the input side. That is, what is the profit maximizing usage of the variable input? [13] To maximize profit the firm should increase usage of the input "up to the point where the input's marginal revenue product equals its marginal costs". [14]
Mathematically, the markup rule can be derived for a firm with price-setting power by maximizing the following expression for profit: = () where Q = quantity sold, P(Q) = inverse demand function, and thereby the price at which Q can be sold given the existing demand C(Q) = total cost of producing Q.
A decision to shut down means that the firm is temporarily suspending production. It does not mean that the firm is going out of business (exiting the industry). [33] If market conditions improve, and prices increase, the firm can resume production. Shutting down is a short-run decision. A firm that has shut down is not producing.
The upstream firm will sell each unit of their product at the same price as the marginal cost of production, so their profits will be derived from the franchise fee, further indicating that the downstream firm should sell at the monopoly price for profit maximization. [5]
Hotelling's lemma is a result in microeconomics that relates the supply of a good to the maximum profit of the producer. It was first shown by Harold Hotelling, and is widely used in the theory of the firm. Specifically, it states: The rate of an increase in maximized profits with respect to a price increase is equal to the net supply of the good.
Both the marginal cost and marginal revenue are extremely important in economics as a firm's profit is maximized when the marginal cost is equal to the marginal revenue. [26] Managers can make business decisions on the output level based on this analysis in order to maximize the profit of the firm.
A firm making profits in the short run will nonetheless only break even in the long run because demand will decrease and average total cost will increase, meaning that in the long run, a monopolistically competitive company will make zero economic profit. This illustrates the amount of influence the company has over the market; because of brand ...