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A. muricata flower. Soursop (also called graviola, guyabano, and in Latin America guanábana) is the fruit of Annona muricata, a broadleaf, flowering, evergreen tree. [4] [5] It is native to the tropical regions of the Americas and the Caribbean and is widely propagated. [5] It is in the same genus, Annona, as cherimoya and is in the Annonaceae ...
Annonamine is a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Annona muricata [1] (commonly known as soursop, graviola, guanabana, paw-paw and sirsak), a plant commonly used in folk medicine by indigenous communities in Africa and South America. [2] Structurally, it contains an aporphine core featuring a quaternary ammonium group.
Annona or Anona (from Taíno annon) is a genus of flowering plants in the pawpaw/sugar apple family, Annonaceae. It is the second largest genus in the family after Guatteria , [ 3 ] containing approximately 166 [ 4 ] species of mostly Neotropical and Afrotropical trees and shrubs .
Annonacin is a disabling and potentially lethal neurotoxin. [4] [5] [6] Like other acetogenins, it is a mitochondrial complex I (NADH-dehydrogenase) inhibitor. [5]As NADH-dehydrogenase is responsible for the conversion of NADH to NAD+ as well as the establishment of a proton gradient in the mitochondria, annonacin disables the ability of a cell to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation ...
The acetogenin compounds, which occur in the fruit, seeds, and leaves of many Annonaceae, including soursop (Annona muricata), are neurotoxins and seem to be the cause of a neurodegenerative disease. The disorder is a so-called tauopathy associated with a pathologic accumulation of tau protein in the brain.
Annona squamosa is a small, semi-(or late) deciduous, [10] much-branched shrub or small tree 3 to 8 metres (10 to 26 feet) tall [7] [10] similar to soursop (Annona muricata). [11] It is native of tropical climate in the Americas and West Indies, and Spanish traders aboard the Manila galleons docking in the Philippines brought it to Asia. [12]
Annona senegalensis, a tree and fruit called wild custard-apple [4] Annona squamosa , a tree and fruit also called sugar apple or sweetsop [ 5 ] Asimina triloba , [ 6 ] the "pawpaw", a deciduous tree, with a range from southern Ontario to Texas and Florida, that bears the largest edible fruit native to the United States or Canada.
Acetogenin core unit (mono-THF) Acetogenin terminal lactone ring core unit (unsaturated) Structurally, acetogenins are a series of C-35/C-37 compounds usually characterized by a long aliphatic chain bearing a terminal methyl-substituted α,β-unsaturated γ-lactone ring, as well as one to three tetrahydrofuran rings. [4]