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A common idea in work environment theories is that demands match or slightly exceed the resources. With regards to research concerning positive outcomes within the employment setting, several models have been established like Demand Control, [13] Job Demands-Resources, [14] and Job Characteristics. [15]
The levels of analysis of positive psychology have been summarized to be at the subjective level (i.e., positive subjective experience such as well being and contentment with the past, flow and happiness in the present, and hope and optimism into the future); the micro, individual level (i.e., positive traits such as the capacity for love ...
As a relatively new field of research, positive psychology lacked a common vocabulary for discussing measurable positive traits before 2004. [1] Traditional psychology benefited from the creation of DSM, as it provided researchers and clinicians with the same set of language from which they could talk about the negative. As a first step in ...
Traits are expressed in work behavior as responses to trait-relevant situational cues; Sources of trait-relevant cues can be grouped into three broad categories or levels: task, social, and organizational; and; Trait expressive work behavior is distinct from job performance, the latter being defined in the simplest terms as valued work behavior.
Some research suggests moods are related to overall job satisfaction. [42] [43] Positive and negative emotions were also found to be significantly related to overall job satisfaction. [44] Frequency of experiencing net positive emotion will be a better predictor of overall job satisfaction than will intensity of positive emotion when it is ...
Another way in which HR practitioners can use the research on trait leadership is for leadership development programs. Although inherent personality traits (distal/trait-like) are relatively immune to leadership development, Zaccaro suggested that proximal traits (state-like) will be more malleable and susceptible to leadership development ...
Good Life: investigation of the beneficial effects of immersion, absorption, and flow felt by people when optimally engaged with their primary activities, is the study of the Good Life, or the "life of engagement". Flow is experienced when there is a match between a person's strengths and their current task, i.e. when one feels confident of ...
Mnemonic device for the two theories: a person refusing to work ("X") and a person cheering the opportunity to work ("Y") Theory X and Theory Y are theories of human work motivation and management. They were created by Douglas McGregor while he was working at the MIT Sloan School of Management in the 1950s, and developed further in the 1960s. [ 1 ]