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Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is a gastro-vascular disorder in which the third and final portion of the duodenum is compressed between the abdominal aorta (AA) and the overlying superior mesenteric artery. This rare, potentially life-threatening syndrome is typically caused by an angle of 6–25° between the AA and the SMA, in ...
In addition, stenosis of the inferior mesenteric artery was very severe. Abdominal angina is caused by obstruction or stenosis of the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA), celiac trunk, or superior mesenteric artery (SMA). [4] More than 95% of abdominal angina is caused by stenosis of the splanchnic arteries due to local atherosclerosis.
The term mesenteric artery is also used to describe smaller branches of these vessels which, particularly in smaller animals, provide a significant source of vascular resistance. These branches have a dense innervation by sympathetic nerves, allowing the brain to control their diameter and hence the resistance to blood flow to the gut.
Isolated superior mesenteric artery dissection (ISMAD) is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition that causes acute abdominal pain. It refers to a dissection that occurs solely in the superior mesenteric artery (SMA), typically spontaneously, and does not involve the aorta . [ 1 ]
In human anatomy, the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) is an artery which arises from the anterior surface of the abdominal aorta, just inferior to the origin of the celiac trunk, and supplies blood to the intestine from the lower part of the duodenum through two-thirds of the transverse colon, as well as the pancreas.
Types of mesenteric ischemia are generally separated into acute and chronic processes, because this helps determine treatment and prognosis. [ 3 ] Bowel obstruction is most often caused by intestinal adhesions , which frequently form after abdominal surgeries, or by chronic infections such as diverticulitis , hepatitis , and inflammatory bowel ...
The IMA arises from the anterior aspect of the abdominal aorta. [2] [3]Its origin is situated at the L3 vertebral level, [2] [3] below the origins of the two renal arteries, [3] 3-4 cm above the aortic bifurcation, [3] [2] at the level of the umbilicus, and posterior to the inferior border of the horizontal (III) part of the duodenum.
This leads to narrowing, or in the most severe cases, complete obliteration of the intestinal lumen. [citation needed] In the case that the superior mesenteric artery, or another major intestinal artery, is occluded, large segments of bowel can be entirely underdeveloped (Type III). Classically, the affected area of bowel assumes a spiral ...
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