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A British sailor disembarking HMS Seahorse brought smallpox to Boston. 5759 people were infected and 844 died. 1736: Pennsylvania: 1738: South Carolina: 1770s: West Coast of North America: 1770s Pacific Northwest smallpox epidemic At least 30% (tens of thousands) of the Northwestern Native Americans die from smallpox. [39] [40] 1781–1783 ...
The New World of the Western Hemisphere was devastated by the 1775–1782 North American smallpox epidemic. Estimates based on remnant settlements say at least 130,000 people were estimated to have died in the epidemic that started in 1775.
[14] [5] The procedure Timoni called inoculation involved drying pus from a smallpox patient and rubbing or scraping it into a healthy person's skin, giving them a mild case of pox that conferred lifetime immunity. [15] Mather wanted to prove variolation was a relatively safe and effective procedure to protect people against smallpox.
The 1520s smallpox epidemic spread from Mesoamerica into adjacent maize-growing regions in North America.A population decline in the Columbia Basin, evidenced archaeologically by a sharp regional decline in artifacts and structures in the early 1500s, has been tentatively linked to a spread of this outbreak, but greatly predates any written record in the region.
During the 1770s, smallpox killed at least 30% (tens of thousands) of the Northwestern Native Americans. [74] [75] The smallpox epidemic of 1780–1782 brought devastation and drastic depopulation among the Plains Indians. [76] By 1832, the federal government of the United States established a smallpox vaccination program for Native Americans. [77]
Onesimus (late 1600s–1700s [1]) was an African (likely Akan) man who was instrumental in the mitigation of smallpox in Boston, Massachusetts.. He introduced his enslaver, Puritan clergyman Cotton Mather, to the principle and procedure of the variolation method of inoculation, which prevented smallpox and laid the foundation for the development of vaccines.
The epidemic was probably spread to the Cherokee by white traders in the summer of 1739. The virus may also have come from Spanish Florida. 900 Cherokees had joined the British to fight the Spanish in Florida in 1739, and may have brought smallpox back with them. Cherokee "religious physicians" blamed the plague on "adulterous intercourse ...
Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by variola virus (often called smallpox virus), which belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus. [7] [11] The last naturally occurring case was diagnosed in October 1977, and the World Health Organization (WHO) certified the global eradication of the disease in 1980, [10] making smallpox the only human disease to have been eradicated to date.