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For hens used in egg production in the US, as of 2011 the FCR was about 2, with each hen laying about 330 eggs per year. [25] When slaughtered, the world average layer flock as of 2013 yields a carcass FCR of 4.2, still much better than the average backyard chicken flock (FCR 9.2 for eggs, 14.6 for carcass).
These eggs would then go to a special GP hatchery to produce Parent Stock (PS) which passes to the production sector. [4] In 2006, out of an estimated world population of 18 billion poultry, about 3% are breeding stock. [4] The US supplied about 1/4 of world GP stock. [4] Worldwide, the primary sector produced 417 million parent stock (PS) per ...
The quantity of feed, and the nutritional requirements of the feed, depend on the weight and age of the poultry, their rate of growth, their rate of egg production, the weather (cold or wet weather causes higher energy expenditure), and the amount of nutrition the poultry obtain from foraging. This results in a wide variety of feed formulations.
In farms using cages for egg production, there are more birds per unit area; this allows for greater productivity and lower food costs. [27] Floor space ranges upwards from 300 cm 2 per hen. EU standards in 2003 called for at least 550 cm 2 per hen. [ 28 ]
Year-round production lowered costs, especially for broilers. Artificial daylight supplementation also started being used. Improvements in production and quality were accompanied by lower labor requirements. In the 1930s through the early 1950s, 1,500 hens was considered to be a full-time job for a farm family.
Mass production of chicken meat is a global industry and at that time, only two or three breeding companies supplied around 90% of the world's breeder-broilers. The total number of meat chickens produced in the world was nearly 47 billion in 2004; of these, approximately 19% were produced in the US, 15% in China, 13% in the EU25 and 11% in Brazil.
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However, this method is the least used because it requires some knowledge of production costs and the willingness of both sides to take a risk in the futures market. Another method, formula pricing, is becoming the most popular process, as it more accurately represents the value of meat received by the packer.