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There are several treatments for spasmodic torticollis, the most commonly used being botulinum toxin injections in the dystonic muscle of the neck. Other treatments include sensory trick for a mild occasional twinge, oral medications, and deep brain stimulation. Combinations of these treatments have been used to control spasmodic torticollis. [7]
The sternocleidomastoid muscle gets its blood from different arteries in the neck, which bring oxygen and nutrients to keep the muscle healthy. Torticollis can happen when there are issues with the sternocleidomastoid muscle, like if it's too short, causing the head and neck to be in an odd position. [ 25 ]
Symptoms include overuse muscle pain and fatigue along the back of the neck and reaching down to the mid-back, often starting with the upper trapezius muscle bellies between the shoulders and neck. Cervicogenic headache from the joints and muscle attachments at the top of the neck is common. [12] [13]
The erector spinae (/ ɪ ˈ r ɛ k t ər ˈ s p aɪ n i / irr-EK-tər SPY-nee) [1] or spinal erectors is a set of muscles that straighten and rotate the back.The spinal erectors work together with the glutes (gluteus maximus, gluteus medius and gluteus minimus) to maintain stable posture standing or sitting.
The pain does not resolve on its own, even after typical first-aid self-care such as ice, heat, and rest. [4] Electromyography (EMG) has been used to identify abnormal motor neuron activity in the affected region. [5] A physical exam usually reveals palpable trigger points in affected muscles and taut bands corresponding to the contracted muscles.
This point is located approximately at the junction of the upper and middle thirds of this muscle. From here, the accessory nerve courses through the posterior triangle of the neck to enter the anterior border of the trapezius muscle at a point located approximately at the junction of the middle and lower thirds of the anterior border of this ...
As with most nerves in the neck, multiple anatomic variants have been described. Notably, there may be variability in the course of the phrenic nerve in the retro-clavicular region such that the nerve courses anterior to the subclavian vein, rather than its typical position posterior to the vein (between the subclavian vein and artery). [3]
The splenius cervicis (/ ˈ s p l iː n i ə s s ər ˈ v aɪ s ɪ s /) (also known as the splenius colli, /-ˈ k ɒ l aɪ /) is a muscle in the back of the neck.It arises by a narrow tendinous band from the spinous processes of the third to the sixth thoracic vertebrae; it is inserted, by tendinous fasciculi, into the posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the upper two or three ...