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Hydrochlorothiazide, sold under the brand name Hydrodiuril among others, is a diuretic medication used to treat hypertension and swelling due to fluid build-up. [4] Other uses include treating diabetes insipidus and renal tubular acidosis and to decrease the risk of kidney stones in those with a high calcium level in the urine . [ 4 ]
Illustration of the mechanism of action of thiazide diuretics in the distal convoluted tubule of nephrons. Thiazide diuretics control hypertension in part by inhibiting reabsorption of sodium (Na +) and chloride (Cl −) ions from the distal convoluted tubules in the kidneys by blocking the thiazide-sensitive Na +-Cl − symporter. [31]
Chlorthalidone is the thiazide drug that is most strongly supported by the evidence as providing a mortality benefit; in the ALLHAT study, a chlorthalidone dose of 12.5 mg was used, with titration up to 25 mg for those subjects who did not achieve blood pressure control at 12.5 mg. Chlorthalidone has repeatedly been found to have a stronger ...
At the same time, loop diuretics inhibit the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism so that increase in salts at the lumen near macula densa does not trigger a response that reduces the GFR. [6] Loop diuretics also inhibit magnesium and calcium reabsorption in the thick ascending limb. Absorption of magnesium and calcium are dependent upon the ...
Duration of action: At least 24 hours [10] Excretion: Urine ... pathway to increase blood pressure. Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic and decreases overall blood ...
[2] [3] Other serious side effects may include high blood potassium. [2] [3] Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is not generally recommended. [2] [3] Use in those with significant kidney problems is not recommended. [2] [3] It decreases blood pressure mainly by hydrochlorothiazide while triamterene decreases the amount of potassium lost. [2] [3]
Lisinopril/hydrochlorothiazide, sold under the brand name Zestoretic among others, is a fixed-dose combination medication used for the treatment of high blood pressure (hypertension). [2] It contains lisinopril , an ACE inhibitor , and hydrochlorothiazide , a diuretic .
Losartan/hydrochlorothiazide, sold under the brand name Hyzaar among others, is a fixed-dose combination medication used to treat high blood pressure when losartan is not sufficient. [1] [2] It consists of losartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker; and hydrochlorothiazide, a thiazide diuretic. [1] [2] It is taken by mouth. [1] [2]