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The Bactrian camel shares the genus Camelus with the dromedary (C. dromedarius) and the wild Bactrian camel (C. ferus).The Bactrian camel belongs to the family Camelidae. [1] [5] The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle was the first European to describe the camels: in his 4th century BCE History of Animals, he identified the one-humped Arabian camel and the two-humped Bactrian camel.
Confusing wild camels with the well-known Bactrian domestic camel risks masking the plight of the critically endangered species, a study warns. There are less than 950 wild camels (Camelus ferus ...
Dromedary camels, bactrian camels, llamas, and alpacas are all induced ovulators. [8] The three Afro-Asian camel species have developed extensive adaptations to their lives in harsh, near-waterless environments. Wild populations of the Bactrian camel are even able to drink brackish water, and some herds live in nuclear test areas. [9]
The wild Bactrian camel (Camelus ferus) is an endangered species of camel endemic to Northwest China and southwestern Mongolia. It is closely related but not ancestral to the domestic Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus). Genetic studies have established it as a separate species which diverged from the Bactrian camel about 0.7–1.1 million ...
The dromedary's karyotype is similar to that of the Bactrian camel. [5] As an adult, dromedary camels can weigh up to six times as much as a llama; as such, the hybrid needs to be produced by artificial insemination. Insemination of a female llama with sperm from a male dromedary camel has been the only successful combination.
The north slope of the Arjin Mountains in the south, and the Aqike Valley below, have more vegetation cover and provide the best habitat for the wild camels. The wild camel population of the reserve was estimated at 638 in 2013. [6] Virtually all of them are found in the southeastern third of the area, although they do roam outside the boundaries.
By 2010, the population had increased to 25. The Veterinary University of Vienna published a paper after five years of genetic tests on samples from these camels, stating that they were of a previously unknown species of camel that had separated from any other known form of camel over 700,000 years ago and was different from the Bactrian camel.
The Bactrian camel is, as of 2010, reduced to an estimated 1.4 million animals, most of which are domesticated. [42] [155] [163] The Wild Bactrian camel is the only truly wild (as opposed to feral) camel in the world. It is a distinct species that is not ancestral to the domestic Bactrian camel.