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A four-vector A is a vector with a "timelike" component and three "spacelike" components, and can be written in various equivalent notations: [3] = (,,,) = + + + = + = where A α is the magnitude component and E α is the basis vector component; note that both are necessary to make a vector, and that when A α is seen alone, it refers strictly to the components of the vector.
In physics, in particular in special relativity and general relativity, a four-velocity is a four-vector in four-dimensional spacetime [nb 1] that represents the relativistic counterpart of velocity, which is a three-dimensional vector in space.
Single locations in Euclidean 4D space can be given as vectors or 4-tuples, i.e., as ordered lists of numbers such as (x, y, z, w). It is only when such locations are linked together into more complicated shapes that the full richness and geometric complexity of higher-dimensional spaces emerge.
Hermann Minkowski (1864–1909) found that the theory of special relativity could be best understood as a four-dimensional space, since known as the Minkowski spacetime.. In physics, Minkowski space (or Minkowski spacetime) (/ m ɪ ŋ ˈ k ɔː f s k i,-ˈ k ɒ f-/ [1]) is the main mathematical description of spacetime in the absence of gravitation.
Orbital position vector, orbital velocity vector, other orbital elements. In astrodynamics and celestial dynamics, the orbital state vectors (sometimes state vectors) of an orbit are Cartesian vectors of position and velocity that together with their time () uniquely determine the trajectory of the orbiting body in space.
In the theory of relativity, four-acceleration is a four-vector (vector in four-dimensional spacetime) that is analogous to classical acceleration (a three-dimensional vector, see three-acceleration in special relativity).
An electromagnetic four-potential is a relativistic vector function from which the electromagnetic field can be derived. It combines both an electric scalar potential and a magnetic vector potential into a single four-vector.
A category for 4-vectors, (and closely related 4-operators) which are mathematical objects used in the special theory of relativity. Pages in category "Four-vectors" The following 11 pages are in this category, out of 11 total.