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The Weiss magneton was experimentally derived in 1911 as a unit of magnetic moment equal to 1.53 × 10 −24 joules per tesla, which is about 20% of the Bohr magneton. In the summer of 1913, the values for the natural units of atomic angular momentum and magnetic moment were obtained by the Danish physicist Niels Bohr as a consequence of his ...
The electron is a charged particle with charge − e, where e is the unit of elementary charge. Its angular momentum comes from two types of rotation: spin and orbital motion . From classical electrodynamics , a rotating distribution of electric charge produces a magnetic dipole , so that it behaves like a tiny bar magnet .
The magnetic moment of the electron is =, where μ B is the Bohr magneton, S is electron spin, and the g-factor g S is 2 according to Dirac's theory, but due to quantum electrodynamic effects it is slightly larger in reality: 2.002 319 304 36.
Its SI unit is the radian per second per tesla (rad⋅s −1 ⋅T −1) or, equivalently, the coulomb per kilogram (C⋅kg −1). [citation needed] The term "gyromagnetic ratio" is often used [2] as a synonym for a different but closely related quantity, the g-factor. The g-factor only differs from the gyromagnetic ratio in being dimensionless.
This page lists examples of magnetic moments produced by various sources, grouped by orders of magnitude. The magnetic moment of an object is an intrinsic property and does not change with distance, and thus can be used to measure "how strong" a magnet is.
where N is the Avogadro constant, g is the Landé g-factor, and μ B is the Bohr magneton. In this treatment it has been assumed that the electronic ground state is not degenerate, that the magnetic susceptibility is due only to electron spin and that only the ground state is thermally populated.
The best available measurement for the value of the magnetic moment of the neutron is μ n = −1.913 042 76 (45) μ N. [3] [4] Here, μ N is the nuclear magneton, a standard unit for the magnetic moments of nuclear components, and μ B is the Bohr magneton, both being physical constants.
Other magnetic quantum numbers are similarly defined, such as m j for the z-axis component the total electronic angular momentum j, [1] and m I for the nuclear spin I. [2] Magnetic quantum numbers are capitalized to indicate totals for a system of particles, such as M L or m L for the total z-axis orbital angular momentum of all the electrons ...