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Targeted temperature management (TTM) previously known as therapeutic hypothermia or protective hypothermia is an active treatment that tries to achieve and maintain a specific body temperature in a person for a specific duration of time in an effort to improve health outcomes during recovery after a period of stopped blood flow to the brain. [1]
A study conducted in 2002-2004 showed that treatment with therapeutic hypothermia for patients resuscitated after cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation led to a positive outcome (Glasgow-Pittsburgh Cerebral Performance category 1 or 2) in 24 of 43 patients compared to only 11 of 43 patients in the standard resuscitation group where no ...
Hypothermia appears to have multiple effects at a cellular level following cerebral injury. Hypothermia reduces vasogenic oedema, haemorrhage and neutrophil infiltration after trauma. [31] The release of excitatory neurotransmitters is reduced, limiting intracellular calcium accumulation.
A hypothermia cap (also referred to as cold cap or cooling cap) is a therapeutic device used to cool the human scalp.Its most prominent medical applications are in preventing or reducing alopecia in chemotherapy, and for preventing cerebral palsy in babies born with neonatal encephalopathy caused by hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).
While moderate hypothermia may be satisfactory for short surgeries, deep hypothermia (20 °C to 25 °C) affords protection for times of 30 to 40 minutes at the bottom of this temperature range. Profound hypothermia (< 14 °C) usually isn't used clinically. It is a subject of research in animals and human clinical trials.
Aggressiveness of treatment is matched to the degree of hypothermia. [2] Treatment ranges from noninvasive, passive external warming to active external rewarming, to active core rewarming. [ 16 ] In severe cases resuscitation begins with simultaneous removal from the cold environment and management of the airway, breathing, and circulation.
Reduced body temperature, or therapeutic hypothermia, during clinical death slows the rate of injury accumulation, and extends the time period during which clinical death can be survived. The decrease in the rate of injury can be approximated by the Q 10 rule, which states that the rate of biochemical reactions decreases by a factor of two for ...
The therapeutic effect of hypothermia is not confined to metabolism and membrane stability. Hypothermia can also prevent the injuries that occur after circulation returns to the brain, or what is termed reperfusion injuries. In fact, an individual suffering from an ischemic insult continues suffering injuries well after circulation is restored.