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Diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered (DMG) is a fatal tumour that arises in midline structures of the brain, most commonly the brainstem, thalamus and spinal cord. When located in the pons it is also known as diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma ( DIPG ).
Thalamic gliomas are very rare, deep-seated, generally high-grade glial neoplasms that form in the thalamus, representing 1–5% of all pediatric brain tumors. [1] Because of their difficult to reach position, they are a unique and difficult challenge for neuro-oncologists and neurosurgeons.
1.5.4 Diffuse glioneuronal tumor with oligodendroglioma-like features and nuclear clusters 1.5.5 Papillary glioneuronal tumor 1.5.6 Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor 1.5.7 Myxoid glioneuronal tumor 1.5.8 Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor 1.5.9 Gangliocytoma 1.5.10 Multinodular and vacuolating neuronal tumor
A glioma is a type of primary tumor that starts in the glial cells of the brain or spinal cord.They are malignant but some are extremely slow to develop. [2] [3] Gliomas comprise about 30 percent of all brain tumors and central nervous system tumors, and 80 percent of all malignant brain tumors.
As with other germ-cell tumors (GCTs) occurring outside the gonads, the most common location of intracranial germinoma is on or near the midline, often in the pineal or suprasellar areas; in 5-10% of patients with germinoma in either area, the tumor is in both areas. Like other GCTs, germinomas can occur in other parts of the brain.
A subdural hygroma (SDG) is a collection of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), without blood, located under the dural membrane of the brain. Most subdural hygromas are believed to be derived from chronic subdural hematomas. They are commonly seen in elderly people after minor trauma, but can also be seen in children following infection or trauma.
Midline shift is a shift of the brain past its center line. [1] The sign may be evident on neuroimaging such as CT scanning . [ 1 ] The sign is considered ominous because it is commonly associated with a distortion of the brain stem that can cause serious dysfunction evidenced by abnormal posturing and failure of the pupils to constrict in ...
A nervous system tumor is a tumor that arises within the nervous system, either the central nervous system (CNS) or the peripheral nervous system (PNS). [1] [2] Nervous system primary tumors include various types of brain tumor and spinal tumors, such as gliomas, and meningiomas (of the CNS), and schwannomas (of the PNS) and can be either benign or malignant.