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The independence of Poland had been successfully promoted to the Allies in Paris by Roman Dmowski and Ignacy Paderewski. U.S. President Woodrow Wilson made the independence of Poland a war goal in his Fourteen Points, and this goal was endorsed by the Allies in spring 1918. As part of the Armistice terms imposed on Germany, all German forces ...
On 6/7 November 1918 in Lublin, Ignacy Daszyński established the Provisional People's Government of the Republic of Poland. [2] The government was made up of representatives from the Polish Socialist Party (PPS), the Polish Social Democratic Party (PPSD) and the Polish People's Party "Wyzwolenie" (Liberation).
Poland has a multi-party political system, with numerous parties in which no party often has any chance of gaining power by itself, and parties must work with each other to form coalition governments. Poland elects on national level a head of state – the president – and a legislature. The president is elected for a five-year term by the people.
The official name of the state was the Republic of Poland.In the Polish language, it was referred to as Rzeczpospolita Polska (abbr. RP), with the term Rzeczpospolita being a traditional name for the republic when referring to various Polish states, including the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (considered to be the First Polish Republic, Pierwsza Rzeczpospolita), and later, the current Third ...
Executive power is exercised, within the framework of a multi-party system, by the president and the Government, which consists of the Council of Ministers led by the prime minister. Its members are typically chosen from the majority party or coalition, in the lower house of parliament (the Sejm), although exceptions to this rule are not uncommon.
Poland's political history was governed by the mutual dependence of the Soviets and the Polish communists. [49] The nomenklatura political elite developed. It comprised leaders, administrators and managers within the ruling party structure, in all branches of central and local government and in institutions of all kinds.
Poland’s populist ruling party appeared to be on the brink of losing power, after an exit poll in a bitter and high-stakes national election predicted that the country’s opposition has the ...
A secret meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Polish United Workers' Party was held. Cliques began to emerge within the Polish United Workers' Party leadership, representing different possibilities of getting out of the political and economic crisis that was plaguing the Polish People's Republic. December 7