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Collective violence that is committed to advance a particular social agenda includes, for example, crimes of hate committed by organized groups, terrorist acts and mob violence. Political violence includes war and related violent conflicts, state violence and similar acts carried out by armed groups.
Political violence varies widely in form, severity, and practice. In political science, a common organizing framework is to consider the types of violence which are used by the relevant actors: violence between non-state actors, one-sided violence which is perpetrated by a state actor against civilians, and violence between states.
A distinction is drawn "between a process of radicalization, a process of violent radicalization (legitimizing the adoption of violence), and acts of violence." [12] For the purposes of the UNESCO report, radicalization is defined by these three points: "The individual person's search for fundamental meaning, origin and return to a root ideology;
The term cycle of violence refers to repeated and dangerous acts of violence as a cyclical pattern, [1] associated with high emotions and doctrines of retribution or revenge. [ citation needed ] The pattern, or cycle, repeats and can happen many times during a relationship. [ 1 ]
Violent extremism is a form of extremism that condones and enacts violence with ideological or deliberate intent, such as religious or political violence. [6] Violent extremist views often conflate with religious [12] and political violence, [13] and can manifest in connection with a range of issues, including politics, [1] [4] religion, [7] [14] and gender relations.
Scholarship varies on the definition of genocide employed when analysing whether events are genocidal in nature. [2] The United Nations Genocide Convention, not always employed, defines genocide as "any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such: killing members of the group; causing serious bodily or ...
The spread of extremist ideas may be seen as contributing to and participating in violent extremism as an act of incitement, even if the speaker is not the one directly carrying out violent acts. Some scholars maintain that incitement to violence is an act of violent extremism, while others insist that a clear line should be drawn between ...
Other acts of violence which are not always committed against adherents of particular religions such as war, torture, and ethnic cleansing, may take on the qualities of religious persecution when one or more of the parties which are involved in them are characterized by their religious homogeneity; an example of this occurs when conflicting ...