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The cervical margin of a tooth is the surface above the junction of the crown of the tooth and the root of the tooth. [1]
For the outer (facial) surfaces of all teeth, the height of curvature is located in the cervical third of the teeth. In the inner (lingual) surfaces of anterior teeth, both upper and lower, the height of curvature is also located in the cervical third of the tooth, on the cingulum.
The universal numbering system uses a unique letter or number for each tooth. The uppercase letters A through T are used for primary teeth and the numbers 1 - 32 are used for permanent teeth. The tooth designated "1" is the right maxillary third molar and the count continues along the upper teeth to the left side.
[1] [3] [4] Gingival The direction toward the gingiva (gums), synonymous with cervical and similar to apical. However, locations on teeth already more apical to the interface of the crown and root, referred to as the CEJ, tend not to be described
The dental formula is 2.1.2.3 2.1.2.3. Permanent human teeth are numbered in a ... The growth of cervical loop cells into the deeper tissues forms Hertwig ...
Some commonly held theories that have been disproven over time include: (1) the tooth is pushed upward into the mouth by the growth of the tooth's root, (2) the tooth is pushed upward by the growth of the bone around the tooth, (3) the tooth is pushed upward by vascular pressure, and (4) the tooth is pushed upward by the cushioned hammock. [40]
The aetiology of dental abrasion can be due to a single stimulus or, as in most cases, multi-factorial. [6] The most common cause of dental abrasion is the combination of mechanical and chemical wear. Tooth brushing is the most common cause of dental abrasion, which is found to develop along the gingival margin, due to vigorous brushing in this ...
The permanent maxillary central incisor begins to undergo mineralization when a child is 3–4 months of age. [1] The crown of the tooth is completed at around 4–5 years of age and erupts into the mouth at 7–8 years of age. The root completes its formation when the child is 10 years old. [8] [page needed]