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The therapeutic window (or pharmaceutical window) of a drug is the range of drug dosages which can treat disease effectively without having toxic effects. [19] Medication with a small therapeutic window must be administered with care and control, frequently measuring blood concentration of the drug, to avoid harm.
Theophylline is metabolized extensively in the liver. [2] It undergoes N-demethylation via cytochrome P450 1A2. It is metabolized by parallel first order and Michaelis-Menten pathways. Metabolism may become saturated (non-linear), even within the therapeutic range. Small dose increases may result in disproportionately large increases in serum ...
[16] [17] [18] Combinations of theophylline, ephedrine, and a barbiturate were later phased out in favor of combinations of theophylline and ephedrine alone (e.g., brand name Franol). [ 2 ] [ 1 ] Fixed-dose combinations of theophylline and ephedrine were abandoned after the 1970s as they did not allow for dose titration in asthma therapy owing ...
[3] [4] [5] However, at high dose, it may lead to cardiac arrhythmias, hypertension, seizures or other serious cardiovascular and/or central nervous system adverse effects. [6] [7] [8] Tedral is contraindicated in individuals with hypersensitivity to theophylline, ephedrine and/or phenobarbital.
The Wellbutrin dosage range for depression can be between 75 mg and 150 mg per single dose, depending on your needs. ... but it can be increased to a maximum safe dose of 225 milligrams daily.
Paraxanthine is believed to exhibit a lower toxicity than caffeine and the caffeine metabolite, theophylline. [22] [23] In a mouse model, intraperitoneal paraxanthine doses of 175 mg/kg/day did not result in animal death or overt signs of stress; [24] by comparison, the intraperitoneal LD50 for caffeine in mice is reported at 168 mg/kg. [25]
Laxatives are not a safe, effective, or long-lasting way to lose weight. They can cause uncomfortable, and potentially dangerous, side effects when used on a long-term basis, and the only weight ...
To ensure that the drug taker who has poor absorption is dosed appropriately, the bottom value of the deviation range is employed to represent real bioavailability and to calculate the drug dose needed for the drug taker to achieve systemic concentrations similar to the intravenous formulation. [4]
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