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John Craig Venter (born October 14, 1946) is an American scientist. He is known for leading one of the first draft sequences of the human genome [1] [2] and led the first team to transfect a cell with a synthetic chromosome.
October 21, 2004 – The International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium, led in the United States by the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) and the Department of Energy (DOE) publishes its scientific description of the finished human genome sequence, reducing the estimated number of human protein-coding genes from 35,000 to only ...
1998: The first genome sequence for a multicellular eukaryote, Caenorhabditis elegans, is released. 2000: The full genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster is completed. 2001: First draft sequences of the human genome are released simultaneously by the Human Genome Project and Celera Genomics.
Whole genome sequencing (WGS) is the process of determining the entirety, or nearly the entirety, of the DNA sequence of an organism's genome at a single time. [2] This entails sequencing all of an organism's chromosomal DNA as well as DNA contained in the mitochondria and, for plants, in the chloroplast .
The major landmark of RNA sequencing is the sequence of the first complete gene and the complete genome of Bacteriophage MS2, identified and published by Walter Fiers and his coworkers at the University of Ghent (Ghent, Belgium), in 1972 [30] and 1976. [31]
Saccharomyces cerevisiae was the first eukaryotic organism to have its complete genome sequence determined.. This list of "sequenced" eukaryotic genomes contains all the eukaryotes known to have publicly available complete nuclear and organelle genome sequences that have been sequenced, assembled, annotated and published; draft genomes are not included, nor are organelle-only sequences.
2001 – Celera Genomics and the Human Genome Project create a draft of the human genome sequence. It is published by Science and Nature Magazine. 2002 – Rice becomes the first crop to have its genome decoded. 2003 – The Human Genome Project is completed, providing information on the locations and sequence of human genes on all 46 chromosomes.
Pyrosequencing has enabled rapid genome sequencing. Bacterial genomes can be sequenced in a single run with several times coverage with this technique. This technique was also used to sequence the genome of James Watson recently. [1] The sequence of DNA encodes the necessary information for living things to survive and reproduce.
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