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  2. Hydrofluoric acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrofluoric_acid

    Hydrofluoric acid is a solution of hydrogen fluoride (HF) in water. Solutions of HF are colorless, acidic and highly corrosive . A common concentration is 49% (48-52%) but there are also stronger solutions (e.g. 70%) and pure HF has a boiling point near room temperature.

  3. Hydrofluoric acid burn - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrofluoric_acid_burn

    A hydrofluoric acid burn is a chemical burn from hydrofluoric acid. [1] Where it contacts the skin it results in significant pain, swelling, redness, and skin breakdown. [1] [2] If the fumes are breathed in swelling of the upper airway and bleeding may occur. [2] Complications can include electrolyte, heart, lung, kidney, and neurological ...

  4. Hydrogen fluoride - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_fluoride

    Hydrogen fluoride is typically produced by the reaction between sulfuric acid and pure grades of the mineral fluorite: [14] CaF 2 + H 2 SO 4 → 2 HF + CaSO 4. About 20% of manufactured HF is a byproduct of fertilizer production, which generates hexafluorosilicic acid. This acid can be degraded to release HF thermally and by hydrolysis: H 2 SiF ...

  5. Torrance residents fear continued use of hydrofluoric acid at ...

    www.aol.com/news/torrance-residents-fear...

    "If hydrofluoric acid or modified hydrofluoric acid is released, then it forms into a ground-hugging toxic cloud that travels with the wind," Schwartz said. ... A safety review in 2007 addressed ...

  6. Fluoride toxicity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluoride_toxicity

    Other sources include glass-etching or chrome-cleaning agents like ammonium bifluoride or hydrofluoric acid, [12] [13] industrial exposure to fluxes used to promote the flow of a molten metal on a solid surface, volcanic ejecta (for example, in cattle grazing after an 1845–1846 eruption of Hekla and the 1783–1784 flood basalt eruption of ...

  7. Biological aspects of fluorine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_aspects_of_fluorine

    Hydrofluoric acid, the water solution of hydrogen fluoride (HF), is a contact poison. Even though it is from a chemical perspective a relatively weak acid, it is far more dangerous than conventional strong mineral acids, such as nitric acid, sulfuric acid, or hydrochloric acid. Owing to its lesser chemical dissociation in water (remaining a ...

  8. NFPA 704 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFPA_704

    NFPA 704 safety squares on containers of ethyl alcohol and acetone. "NFPA 704: Standard System for the Identification of the Hazards of Materials for Emergency Response" is a standard maintained by the U.S.-based National Fire Protection Association.

  9. Fluorine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorine

    Hydrofluoric acid is a contact poison with greater hazards than many strong acids like sulfuric acid even though it is weak: it remains neutral in aqueous solution and thus penetrates tissue faster, whether through inhalation, ingestion or the skin, and at least nine U.S. workers died in such accidents from 1984 to 1994.