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The quality the codec can achieve is heavily based on the compression format the codec uses. A codec is not a format, and there may be multiple codecs that implement the same compression specification – for example, MPEG-1 codecs typically do not achieve quality/size ratio comparable to codecs that implement the more modern H.264 specification.
AVI [c] MXF PS, TS [I] 3GP, 3G2; MPEG-H HEVC (H.265) Lossy or lossless: 2013-06 Patent encumbered [52] Yes [II] Yes Yes [55] Yes Yes Yes [56] Yes Yes MPEG-4 AVC (H.264) Lossy or lossless: 2004-08 Patent encumbered [57] Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes [III] Yes Yes [58] Yes AV1: Lossy or lossless: 2018-03 Patent claims Beta [59] Yes No No No No Planned No ...
With the use of H.264, bit rate savings of 50% or more compared to MPEG-2 Part 2 are reported. For example, H.264 has been reported to give the same Digital Satellite TV quality as current MPEG-2 implementations with less than half the bitrate, with current MPEG-2 implementations working at around 3.5 Mbit/s and H.264 at only 1.5 Mbit/s. [33]
As such, the user normally does not have a H.264 file, but instead has a video file, which is an MP4 container of H.264-encoded video, normally alongside AAC-encoded audio. Multimedia container formats can contain one of several different video coding formats; for example, the MP4 container format can contain video coding formats such as MPEG-2 ...
H.264 allows for one, two, or more than two previously decoded pictures as references during decoding, and can have any arbitrary display-order relationship relative to the picture(s) used for its prediction. The heightened flexibility of information retrieval means that B-frames typically require fewer bits for encoding than either I or P-frames.
AVI.avi AVI any any Uses RIFF: MPEG Transport Stream.MTS, .M2TS, .TS AVCHD: AVCHD (MPEG-4 / H.264 ) Dolby AC-3 or uncompressed linear PCM The standard video format used by many Sony and Panasonic HD camcorders. It is also used for storing high definition video on Blu-ray discs. QuickTime File Format.mov, .qt QuickTime many [3] AAC, MP3, others [3]
Audio Video Interleave (also Audio Video Interleaved and known by its initials and filename extension AVI, usually pronounced / ˌ eɪ. v iː ˈ aɪ / [3]) is a proprietary multimedia container format and Windows standard [4] introduced by Microsoft in November 1992 as part of its Video for Windows software.
In a subjective quality comparison conducted in 2014 featuring the reference encoders for HEVC (HM 15.0), MPEG-4 AVC/H.264 (JM 18.6), and VP9 (libvpx 1.2.0 with preliminary VP9 support), VP9, like H.264, required about two times the bitrate to reach video quality comparable to HEVC, while with synthetic imagery VP9 was close to HEVC. [36]