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Maize / m eɪ z / (Zea mays), also known as corn in North American English, is a tall stout grass that produces cereal grain. It was domesticated by indigenous peoples in southern Mexico about 9,000 years ago from wild teosinte. Native Americans planted it alongside beans and squashes in the Three Sisters polyculture.
Multicoloured kernels on a single corn cob. Corn kernels are the fruits of maize. Maize is a grain, and the kernels are used in cooking as a vegetable or a source of starch. The kernels can be of various colors: blackish, bluish-gray, purple, green, red, white and yellow. The kernel of maize consists of a pericarp (fruit
The production of corn (Zea mays mays, also known as "maize") plays a major role in the economy of the United States. The US is the largest corn producer in the world, with 96,000,000 acres (39,000,000 ha) of land reserved for corn production. Corn growth is dominated by west/north central Iowa and east central Illinois. Approximately 13% of ...
Bt maize / Bt corn is a variant of maize that has been genetically altered to express one or more proteins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis [8] including Delta endotoxins. The protein is poisonous to certain insect pests. Spores of the bacillus are widely used in organic gardening, [9] although GM corn is not considered organic.
An 1836 lithograph of tortilla production in rural Mexico Bowl of hominy (nixtamalized corn kernels). Nixtamalization (/ ˌ n ɪ ʃ t ə m ə l ɪ ˈ z eɪ ʃ ən / nish-tə-mə-lih-ZAY-shən) is a process for the preparation of maize (corn), or other grain, in which the grain is soaked and cooked in an alkaline solution, usually limewater (but sometimes aqueous alkali metal carbonates), [1 ...
The following are international Maize (corn) production statistics come from the Food and Agriculture Organization figures from FAOSTAT statics The quantities of corn (maize, Zea mays) in the following table are in million metric tonnes (m STs, m LTs). All countries with a typical production quantity of at least 10 million t (11 million short ...
MON 802 is an Insect Resistant maize under license from Monsanto Company. [2] Corn line MON802 was developed through genetic modification to be tolerant [3] to glyphosate herbicide and protect the plant from the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) (the Bt trait). [4] MON 809 is an Insect Resistant maize under license from Monsanto. [5]
Maize (Zea mays) is further divided into four subspecies: Z. m. huehuetenangensis, Z. m. mexicana, Z. m. parviglumis (Balsas teosinte, the ancestor of maize), and Z. m. mays. [4] The first three subspecies are teosintes; the last is maize, or corn, [4] the only domesticated taxon in the genus Zea. [citation needed]