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In contrast, a character entity reference refers to a character by the name of an entity which has the desired character as its replacement text. The entity must either be predefined (built into the markup language) or explicitly declared in a Document Type Definition (DTD). The format is the same as for any entity reference: &name;
The term DBCS traditionally refers to a character encoding where each graphic character is encoded in two bytes.. In an 8-bit code, such as Big-5 or Shift JIS, a character from the DBCS is represented with a lead (first) byte with the most significant bit set (i.e., being greater than seven bits), and paired up with a single-byte character-set (SBCS).
First Japanese electronic character set ECMA-48: 1972 7 bits Terminal text manipulation and colors ISO/IEC 8859: 1987 8 bits International codes ISO/IEC 10646 1991 21 bits usable, packed into 8/16/32-bit code units Unified encoding for most of the world's writing systems. As first introduced in 1991 had 16 bits; extension to 21 bits came later.
An abstract character repertoire (ACR) is the full set of abstract characters that a system supports. Unicode has an open repertoire, meaning that new characters will be added to the repertoire over time. A coded character set (CCS) is a function that maps characters to code points (each code point represents one character). For example, in a ...
Even though Windows-1252 was the first and by far most popular code page named so in Microsoft Windows parlance, the code page has never been an ANSI standard. Microsoft explains, "The term ANSI as used to signify Windows code pages is a historical reference, but is nowadays a misnomer that continues to persist in the Windows community." [10]
Infobox template for character encodings, character sets, code pages et cetera. While the difference between a coded character set and a character encoding is clear in a Unicode context (UTF-8 and UTF-16 are different encodings for the same set), the difference is often blurred immensely by legacy encodings. For example, so-called "WinLatin-1" is a de facto extension of the "Latin-1" (ISO 885
ASCII was incorporated into the Unicode (1991) character set as the first 128 symbols, so the 7-bit ASCII characters have the same numeric codes in both sets. This allows UTF-8 to be backward compatible with 7-bit ASCII, as a UTF-8 file containing only ASCII characters is identical to an ASCII file containing the same sequence of characters.
The Unicode Consortium and the ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 2 jointly collaborate on the list of the characters in the Universal Coded Character Set.The Universal Coded Character Set, most commonly called the Universal Character Set (abbr. UCS, official designation: ISO/IEC 10646), is an international standard to map characters, discrete symbols used in natural language, mathematics, music, and other ...