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Flavonoids are synthesized by the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway in which the amino acid phenylalanine is used to produce 4-coumaroyl-CoA. [1] This can be combined with malonyl-CoA to yield the true backbone of flavonoids, a group of compounds called chalcones, which contain two phenyl rings.
CHS catalysis serves as the initial step for flavonoid biosynthesis. Flavonoids are important plant secondary metabolites that serve various functions in higher plants. . These include pigmentation, UV protection, fertility, antifungal defense and the recruitment of nitrogen-fixing bacteri
The three flavonoid classes above are all ketone-containing compounds and as such, anthoxanthins (flavones and flavonols). [1] This class was the first to be termed bioflavonoids. The terms flavonoid and bioflavonoid have also been more loosely used to describe non-ketone polyhydroxy polyphenol compounds, which are more specifically termed ...
4-Coumaroyl-CoA can be combined with malonyl-CoA to yield the true backbone of flavonoids, a group of compounds called chalconoids, which contain two phenyl rings. Naringenin-chalcone synthase is an enzyme that catalyzes the following conversion: 3-malonyl-CoA + 4-coumaroyl-CoA → 4 CoA + naringenin chalcone + 3 CO 2
Fisetin is a flavonoid, which is a polyphenol subgroup. [10] Flavonoid synthesis begins with the phenylpropanoid pathway, in which phenylalanine, an amino acid, is transformed into 4-coumaroyl-CoA. [10] This is the compound that enters the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway.
Their name is derived from the six-carbon, aromatic phenyl group and the three-carbon propene tail of coumaric acid, which is the central intermediate in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. From 4-coumaroyl-CoA emanates the biosynthesis of myriad natural products including lignols (precursors to lignin and lignocellulose ), flavonoids , isoflavonoids ...
Flavonoids are synthesized by the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway where the amino acid phenylalanine is used to produce 4-coumaryol-CoA, and this is then combined with malonyl-CoA to produce chalcones which are backbones of Flavonoids [6] Chalcones are aromatic ketones with two phenyl rings that are important in many biological compounds. The ...
The biosynthesis of flavones proceeds from the phenylpropanoid pathway, which uses L-phenylalanine as a starting point. [6] Phenylalanine ammonia lyase facilitates the deamination of L-phenylalanine to (E)-cinnamate , [ 6 ] which is then oxidized by cinnamate 4-hydroxylase to yield p-Coumaric acid . [ 7 ]