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Landauer's principle is a physical principle pertaining to a lower theoretical limit of energy consumption of computation.It holds that an irreversible change in information stored in a computer, such as merging two computational paths, dissipates a minimum amount of heat to its surroundings. [1]
Using the mean air temperature is an assumption that is valid for relatively short heat sinks. When compact heat exchangers are calculated, the logarithmic mean air temperature is used. The above equations show that: When the air flow through the heat sink decreases, this results in an increase in the average air temperature.
The high temperature on the chip, if not controlled, can damage or even burn the chip. The chip high temperature also has impacts on performance and reliability. [10] [11] High chip temperature causes more leakage power consumption, higher interconnect resistance and slower speed of transistors. [10]
Since GPU computations are memory-intensive, integrated processing may compete with the CPU for relatively slow system RAM, as it has minimal or no dedicated video memory. IGPs use system memory with bandwidth up to a current maximum of 128 GB/s, whereas a discrete graphics card may have a bandwidth of more than 1000 GB/s between its VRAM and ...
Hopper allows CUDA compute kernels to utilize automatic inline compression, including in individual memory allocation, which allows accessing memory at higher bandwidth. This feature does not increase the amount of memory available to the application, because the data (and thus its compressibility) may be changed at any time. The compressor ...
Phase-change cooling is an extremely effective way to cool the processor. A vapor compression phase-change cooler is a unit that usually sits underneath the PC, with a tube leading to the processor. Inside the unit is a compressor of the same type as in an air conditioner. The compressor compresses a gas (or mixture of gases) which comes from ...
TechPowerUp GPU-Z (or just GPU-Z) is a lightweight utility designed to provide information about video cards and GPUs. [2] The program displays the specifications of Graphics Processing Unit (often shortened to GPU) and its memory; also displays temperature, core frequency, memory frequency, GPU load and fan speeds.
At Hot Chips 2016, Samsung announced GDDR6 as the successor of GDDR5X. [5] [6] Samsung later announced that the first products would be 16 Gbit/s, 1.35 V chips.[7] [8] In January 2018, Samsung began mass production of 16 Gb (2 GB) GDDR6 chips, fabricated on a 10 nm class process and with a data rate of up to 18 Gbit/s per pin.