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Hazael (/ ˈ h eɪ z i əl /; Biblical Hebrew: חֲזָאֵל or חֲזָהאֵל, romanized: Ḥăzāʾēl [1]) was a king of Aram-Damascus mentioned in the Bible. [2] [3] Under his reign, Aram-Damascus became an empire that ruled over large parts of contemporary Syria and Israel-Samaria. [4]
In the 9th century BCE, Hazael fought against the Assyrians, had some influence over the northern Syrian state of Unqi, and conquered Israel. [4] [5] To the southwest, Aram-Damascus reached most of the Golan to the Sea of Galilee. [6] In the 8th century BCE, Rezin had been a tributary of Tiglath-Pileser III, a king of Assyria. [7]
The Tel Dan Stele contains an account by a Aram-Damascaus king, Hazael, claiming to have slain "[Ahaz]iahu, son of [... kin]g of the house of David", and Jehoram is mentioned as king of the House of David and father of Ahaziah. His name is in brackets to fill in the gaps of the fragment. [10] [11] 2 Kings 8:17: Jehu: King of Israel c. 841 – c ...
Thereupon King Joash of Judah took all the objects that had been consecrated by his predecessors, Kings Jehoshaphat, Jehoram, and Ahaziah of Judah, and by himself, and all the gold that there was in the treasuries of the Temple of GOD and in the royal palace, and he sent them to King Hazael of Aram, who then turned back from his march on Jerusalem.
c. 830 BCE: Hazael of Aram Damascus conquers most of Canaan. According to the Bible, Jehoash of Judah gave all of Jerusalem's treasures as a tribute, but Hazael proceeded to destroy "all the princes of the people" in the city. 786 BCE: Jehoash of Israel sacks the city, destroys the walls and takes Amaziah of Judah prisoner.
The name “Ahaziah” can refer to a king of Israel and a king of Judah, but only one can be taken into consideration: the son of Jehoram and grandson of Jehoshaphat, who ruled in Judah for one year (2 Kings 8:25–26) and was the ally of Jehoram of Israel. After Hazael seized the throne from Ben Hadad II, king of Aram-Damascus, he fought ...
After being defeated by Hazael, Israel began a period of progressive recovery following the campaigns against Aram-Damascus of the Assyrian Adad-nirari III. [25] This ultimately led to a period of major territorial expansion under Jeroboam II , who extended the kingdom's possessions throughout the Northern Transjordan.
The Syro-Hittite states of the Early Iron Age were partly ruled by Aramean kings. These kingdoms existed throughout the Levant and Mesopotamia during the 14th and 13th centuries BC, before being absorbed by various other empires such as the Neo-Assyrian Empire, Neo-Babylonian Empire and the Achaemenid Empire.