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Several states had no seats in the Empire, while some officials (such as the Hereditary Usher) were non-voting members; neither qualified as Imperial States. Imperial Free City (freie Reichsstadt): a city formally responsible to the emperor only – as opposed to the majority of cities in the Empire, which belonged to the territory of one of ...
The only princely member states of the Holy Roman Empire that have preserved their status as monarchies until today are the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg and the Principality of Liechtenstein. The only Free Imperial Cities still existing as states within Germany are Hamburg and Bremen. All other historic member states of the Holy Roman Empire were ...
The "Imperial Circle" column shows to which circle (Reichskreis) the state belonged; the "Imperial Diet" column shows where the state was represented in the Imperial Diet or "Bench" (Reichstag). An explanation of these columns is shown in the main article for this topic, linked here.
Punch cards were stepped across the punch one column at a time, and the appropriate punches were activated to create the holes, resulting in a distinctive "chunk, chunk" sound as columns were punched. Both machines could process 51-, 60-, 66-, and 80-column cards. [20] The 026 could print the punched character above each column.
1032: HRE Prince of the Empire 1579: Allied to the Swiss Confederation 1792: Left-bank territories annexed to the Rauracian Republic 1803: Right-bank territories secularised and ceded to Baden: Basel: Imperial City n/a n/a 1392: Acquired semi-independence; Free Imperial City 1501: Joined the Swiss Confederation 1648: Left the Empire as part of ...
Cards with a particular punch could be treated as master cards causing different behavior. For example, customer master cards could be merged with sorted cards recording individual items purchased. When read by the tabulating machine to create invoices, the billing address and customer number would be printed from the master card, and then ...
When a chad is not fully detached, it is described by various terms corresponding to the level of modification from the unpunched state. The distinctions are of importance in counting cards used in voting. The following terms are sometimes used when describing a four-cornered chad: Hanging chads are attached to the ballot at only one corner.
1530: HRE County of Kirchberg and Weissenhorn Swab SC 1455 1507: Acquired Co. of Kirchberg and Lo. of Weißenhorn (non-immediate) 1511: HRE Noble 1530: HRE Count 1530: Raymond and Anton lines 1535: Raymond line partitioned into Fugger-Kirchberg-Weißenhorn 1560: Anton line partitioned into Fugger-Nordendorf, Fugger-Kirchheim and Fugger-Wöllenburg