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Bab-el-Mandeb is a 30 km strait between East Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, with a small island, Perim, 3 km off the Arabian bank. The strait has a major appeal in the study of Eurasian expansion in that it brings East Africa close to Eurasia. It does not require hopping from one water body to the next across the North African desert.
An investigation in 2012 discovered that unlike most sub-Saharan Africans, North Africans have similar levels of Neanderthal DNA to South Europeans and West Asians, which is pre-Neolithic in origin, rather than via any recent admixture, as the Neanderthal's genetic signals were higher in populations with an autochthonous 'back-to-Africa' genomic component that arrived 12,000 years ago.
An individual whose ancestry lies beyond sub-Saharan Africa may carry about 2% of Neanderthal DNA. Sub-Saharan Africans can carry Neanderthal DNA, presumably descending from modern human migration between Eurasia and Africa. [150] In all, approximately 20% of the Neanderthal genome appears to have survived in the modern human gene pool. [151]
Researchers also probed how Neanderthal ancestry changed among the early modern humans over time. They found some genes “present at high frequency” in the early humans which they think were ...
Another study (Ramsay et al. 2018) also shows evidence that ancient Eurasians migrated into Africa and that Eurasian admixture in modern Sub-Saharan Africans ranges from 0% to 50%, varying by region and generally higher in the Horn of Africa and parts of the Sahel zone, and found to a lesser degree in certain parts of Western Africa, and ...
Svante Pääbo, Nobel Prize laureate and one of the researchers who published the first sequence of the Neanderthal genome.. On 7 May 2010, following the genome sequencing of three Vindija Neanderthals, a draft sequence of the Neanderthal genome was published and revealed that Neanderthals shared more alleles with Eurasian populations (e.g. French, Han Chinese, and Papua New Guinean) than with ...
"Recent African origin", or Out of Africa II, refers to the migration of anatomically modern humans (Homo sapiens) out of Africa after their emergence at c. 300,000 to 200,000 years ago, in contrast to "Out of Africa I", which refers to the migration of archaic humans from Africa to Eurasia from before 1.8 and up to 0.5 million years ago.
Map of western Eurasia showing areas and estimated dates of possible Neandertal–modern human hybridisation (in red) based on fossil samples from indicated sites [42] The first Neanderthal genome sequence was published in 2010, and strongly indicated interbreeding between Neanderthals and early modern humans.