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A tin-based perovskite solar cell (TPSCs) is a special type of perovskite solar cell, based on a tin perovskite structure (ASnX 3, where 'A' is a monovalent organic or inorganic cation (e.g., formamidinium (FA⁺), methylammonium (MA⁺), or cesium (Cs⁺)), tin is in its Sn (II) oxidation state and 'X' is a monovalent halogen anion (I⁻, Br⁻, Cl⁻) [1] [2] [3].
Tin-based perovskites have shown excellent mobility in transistors [1] which gives them an opportunity to be explored more for solar cell applications. Tin halide perovskites, despite being regarded as semiconductors, often display metallic-like behavior due to the inadvertent and/or spontaneous hole carrier doping resulting from the easy ...
Crystal structure of CH 3 NH 3 PbX 3 perovskites (X=I, Br and/or Cl). The methylammonium cation (CH 3 NH 3 +) is surrounded by PbX 6 octahedra. [13]The name "perovskite solar cell" is derived from the ABX 3 crystal structure of the absorber materials, referred to as perovskite structure, where A and B are cations and X is an anion.
Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) phases are a type of perovskite structure that consists of two-dimensional perovskite-like slabs interleaved with cations.The general formula of an RP phase is A n+1 B n X 3n+1, where A and B are cations, X is an anion (e.g., oxygen), and n is the number of octahedral layers in the perovskite-like stack. [1]
Methylammonium lead halides (MALHs) are solid compounds with perovskite structure and a chemical formula of [CH 3 NH 3] + Pb 2+ (X −) 3, where X = Cl, Br or I. They have potential applications in solar cells , [ 2 ] lasers , light-emitting diodes , photodetectors , radiation detectors, [ 3 ] [ 4 ] scintillator , [ 5 ] magneto-optical data ...
Perovskite (pronunciation: / p ə ˈ r ɒ v s k aɪ t /) is a calcium titanium oxide mineral composed of calcium titanate (chemical formula Ca Ti O 3).Its name is also applied to the class of compounds which have the same type of crystal structure as CaTiO 3, known as the perovskite structure, which has a general chemical formula A 2+ B 4+ (X 2−) 3. [6]
Perovskite structures are adopted by many compounds that have the chemical formula ABX 3. 'A' and 'B' are positively charged ions (i.e. cations), often of very different sizes, and X is a negatively charged ion (an anion, frequently oxide) that bonds to both cations.
These salts are components of perovskite solar cells, which are being evaluated for commercialization. [1] The iodide is the most commonly used. Magneto-optical data storage concepts are also being testing based on various ammonium halides. [2]