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The example of fish stocks had led some to call this the "tragedy of the fishers". [18] A major theme running through the essay is the growth of human populations , with the Earth 's finite resources being the general common.
Mass extinctions are characterized by the loss of at least 75% of species within a geologically short period of time (i.e., less than 2 million years). [18] [51] The Holocene extinction is also known as the "sixth extinction", as it is possibly the sixth mass extinction event, after the Ordovician–Silurian extinction events, the Late Devonian extinction, the Permian–Triassic extinction ...
Secondly, tree plantations are often monocultures which comes with a set of disadvantages, for example biodiversity loss. Lastly, there is also the problem that stored carbon is released at some point. The effects of reforestation will be farther in the future than those of proforestation (the conservation of intact forests). [5]
Trophic cascades are powerful indirect interactions that can control entire ecosystems, occurring when a trophic level in a food web is suppressed. For example, a top-down cascade will occur if predators are effective enough in predation to reduce the abundance, or alter the behavior of their prey, thereby releasing the next lower trophic level from predation (or herbivory if the intermediate ...
Habitat loss, fragmentation and degradation; [4] for example habitat fragmentation for commercial and agricultural uses (specifically monoculture farming) [5] Land use intensification (and ensuing land loss/habitat loss); a significant factor in loss of ecological services due to direct effects as well as biodiversity loss [6]
The military does not solely have negative effects on the environment. [294] There are several examples of militaries aiding in land management, conservation, and greening of an area. [295] Additionally, certain military technologies have proven extremely helpful for conservationists and environmental scientists. [296]
[27]: 2321 For example, the decline of sea ice in the Arctic has been accelerating during the early twenty‐first century, with a decline rate of 4.7% per decade (it has declined over 50% since the first satellite records). [28] [29] [30] One well known example of a species affected is the polar bear, whose habitat in the Arctic is threatened ...
Planting trees in tropical climates with wet seasons has another advantage. In such a setting, trees grow more quickly (fixing more carbon) because they can grow year-round. Trees in tropical climates have, on average, larger, brighter, and more abundant leaves than non-tropical climates.