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A Field Guide to American Houses (Revised): The Definitive Guide to Identifying and Understanding America's Domestic Architecture. Knopf, 2013. ISBN 978-1400043590. Reiff, Daniel D. Houses from Books. Penn State Press, 2001. ISBN 978-0-271-01943-7. Scully, Vincent. American Architecture and Urbanism. New Revised Edition. New York: Henry Holt, 1988.
Tabby, made of lime, oyster shells, water, ash, and sand, was often poured out to make a hard flooring in these structures. [7] During the 18th century, the "common houses" were whitewashed in lime mortar with an oyster shell aggregate. Typically two-story, the houses included cooling porches to accommodate the Florida climate. [8]
Both were also used to "harden" the cutting edge of tools such as the Egyptians using copper and bronze points for working soft stone including quarrying blocks and making rock-cut architecture. During the copper age, the ancient Chinese invented fired bricks as early as 4400BC. In Chengtoushan, fired bricks were used as flooring for houses. [16]
The White House and Monticello were setting stones for what Federal architecture has become. In the early United States, the founding generation consciously chose to associate the nation with the ancient democracies of Greece and the republican values of Rome. Grecian aspirations informed the Greek Revival, lasting into the 1850s.
Early skyscrapers emerged in the United States as a result of economic growth, the financial organization of American businesses, and the intensive use of land. [9] New York City was one of the centers of early skyscraper construction and had a history as a key seaport located on the small island of Manhattan, on the east coast of the U.S. [10] As a consequence of its colonial history and city ...
In eastern Jordan, post hole markings in the soil give evidence to houses made of poles and thatched brush around 20,000 years ago. [16] In areas where bone — especially mammoth bone — is a viable material, evidence of structures preserve much more easily, such as the mammoth-bone dwellings among the Mal'ta-Buret' culture 24–15,000 years ...
The Fairbanks House in Dedham, Massachusetts, the oldest still-standing timber structure in North America, was built in c. 1637. First Period is an American architecture style originating between approximately 1626 and 1725, used primarily by British colonists during the settlement of the British colonies of North America, particularly in Massachusetts and Virginia.
The I-house is a vernacular house type, popular in the United States from the colonial period onward. The I-house was so named in the 1930s by Fred Kniffen, a cultural geographer at Louisiana State University who was a specialist in folk architecture. He identified and analyzed the type in his 1936 study of Louisiana house types. [1] [2] [3]