Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism. [1] Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on a substructure of the organism, such as a cell (cytotoxicity) or an organ such as the liver (hepatotoxicity).
Toxic, toxicity, or similar terms may also refer to: Science. Biology. Toxicant, a chemical compound having an effect on living organisms; Toxin ...
A poison pen letter (or poisoned pen letter [1]) is a letter or note containing unpleasant, abusive, or malicious statements or accusations about the recipient or a third party. It is usually sent anonymously , often by employing the ransom note effect to avoid exposing the author's handwriting.
One prime example of this is ribosome-inactivating proteins, tested in the treatment of leukemia. [ 2 ] The word toxicology ( / ˌ t ɒ k s ɪ ˈ k ɒ l ə dʒ i / ) is a neoclassical compound from Neo-Latin , first attested c. 1799 , [ 3 ] from the combining forms toxico- + -logy , which in turn come from the Ancient Greek words τοξικός ...
Many gases have toxic properties, which are often assessed using the LC 50 (median lethal concentration) measure. In the United States, many of these gases have been assigned an NFPA 704 health rating of 4 (may be fatal) or 3 (may cause serious or permanent injury), and/or exposure limits (TLV, TWA/PEL, STEL, or REL) determined by the ACGIH professional association.
Examples of toxic agents are toxic metals, toxic chemicals, microbe neurotoxins, radiation particles and even specific neurotransmitters when the system is out of balance. Also some types of drugs, e.g alcohol , [ 1 ] and some venom , e.g. from the puff adder ( Bitis arietans ) or brown recluse spider ( Loxosceles reclusa ) are toxic to cells.
Poison's lethal effect can be combined with its allegedly magical powers; an example is the Chinese gu poison. Poison was also employed in gunpowder warfare. For example, the 14th-century Chinese text of the Huolongjing written by Jiao Yu outlined the use of a poisonous gunpowder mixture to fill cast iron grenade bombs. [25]
For example, urea is used in agriculture as a nitrogenous fertilizer. However, if too much is applied, phytotoxic effects can result from urea toxicity directly or ammonia production from hydrolysis of urea. [ 3 ]