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  2. List of refrigerants - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_refrigerants

    Refrigerant concentration limit / immediately dangerous to life or health in parts per million (volume per volume) and grams per cubic meter Molecular mass in atomic mass units Normal boiling points for pure substances, bubble and dew points for zeotropic blends, or normal boiling point and azeotropic temperature for the azeotropic blends, at ...

  3. Refrigerant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refrigerant

    A refrigerant needs to have: a boiling point that is somewhat below the target temperature (although boiling point can be adjusted by adjusting the pressure appropriately), a high heat of vaporization, a moderate density in liquid form, a relatively high density in gaseous form (which can also be adjusted by setting pressure appropriately), and ...

  4. Boiler feedwater - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boiler_feedwater

    A study of the influence of chloride ion concentration on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel in phosphate high-temperature boiler water chemistries. Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, 55(1), 15–19. Sendelbach, M. (1988). Boiler-water treatment: Why, what and how. Chemical Engineering, 95(11), 127. Characteristics of boiler feed water ...

  5. Freon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freon

    'Freon' is the brand name for the refrigerants R-12, R-13B1, R-22, R-410A, R-502, and R-503 manufactured by The Chemours Company, and so is not used to label all refrigerants of this type. They emit a strong smell similar to acetone. [2] Freon has been found to cause damage to human health when inhaled in large amounts.

  6. Trichlorofluoromethane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichlorofluoromethane

    Trichlorofluoromethane, also called freon-11, CFC-11, or R-11, is a chlorofluorocarbon (CFC). It is a colorless, faintly ethereal, and sweetish-smelling liquid that boils around room temperature. [5] CFC-11 is a Class 1 ozone-depleting substance which damages Earth's protective stratospheric ozone layer. [6]

  7. Boiler water - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boiler_water

    Boiler water is liquid water within a boiler, or in associated piping, pumps and other equipment, that is intended for evaporation into steam. The term may also be applied to raw water intended for use in boilers, treated boiler feedwater , steam condensate being returned to a boiler, or boiler blowdown being removed from a boiler.

  8. Phase diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_diagram

    The pressure on a pressure-temperature diagram (such as the water phase diagram shown above) is the partial pressure of the substance in question. A phase diagram in physical chemistry , engineering , mineralogy , and materials science is a type of chart used to show conditions (pressure, temperature, etc.) at which thermodynamically distinct ...

  9. Working fluid selection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Working_fluid_selection

    The choice of working fluids is known to have a significant impact on the thermodynamic as well as economic performance of the cycle. A suitable fluid must exhibit favorable physical, chemical, environmental, safety and economic properties such as low specific volume (high density), viscosity, toxicity, flammability, ozone depletion potential (ODP), global warming potential (GWP) and cost, as ...