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Blood types are an example of how glycolipids on cell membranes mediate cell interactions with the surrounding environment. The four main human blood types (A, B, AB, O) are determined by the oligosaccharide attached to a specific glycolipid on the surface of red blood cells, which acts as an antigen. The unmodified antigen, called the H ...
A blood type (also known as a blood group) is a classification of blood, based on the presence and absence of antibodies and inherited antigenic substances on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). These antigens may be proteins, carbohydrates, glycoproteins, or glycolipids, depending on the blood group system.
The glycocalyx, which is located on the apical surface of endothelial cells, is composed of a negatively charged network of proteoglycans, glycoproteins, and glycolipids. [8] Along the luminal surface of the vascular glycocalyx exists an empty layer that excludes red blood cells. [9]
Globoside 4 (Gb4) has been known as the receptor for parvovirus B19, due to observations that B19V binds to the thin-layered chromatogram of the structure.However, the binding on its surface does not match well with the virus, which raised debates on whether or not GB4 is the cause for productive infection. [4]
The structural similarity of most glycolipids is the so-called lactosylceramide, that is, a lactose disaccharide that is glycosidically bound to a ceramide. Larger structures are subdivided into different groups by the sequence and configuration of the sugars, the four most common being globo-, lacto-, neoLacto- and gangliose.
This article showcases a curated list of standout studies over the last week on topics such as cholesterol, GLP-1 drugs for weight loss, and supplements for heart health.
The heads of glycolipids (glyco- stands for sugar) contain a sphingosine with one or several sugar units attached to it. The hydrophobic chains belong either to: two fatty acids (FA) – in the case of the phosphoglycerides, or; one FA and the hydrocarbon tail of sphingosine – in the case of sphingomyelin and the glycolipids.
Rapid blood sugar changes may be behind eye issues. While it is still unclear as to what may cause a person taking a GLP-1 medication to experience an eye issue, ...