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Specific energy or massic energy is energy per unit mass.It is also sometimes called gravimetric energy density, which is not to be confused with energy density, which is defined as energy per unit volume.
The Helmholtz free energy is defined as [3], where . F is the Helmholtz free energy (sometimes also called A, particularly in the field of chemistry) (SI: joules, CGS: ergs),; U is the internal energy of the system (SI: joules, CGS: ergs),
The Fermi energy is a concept in quantum mechanics usually referring to the energy difference between the highest and lowest occupied single-particle states in a quantum system of non-interacting fermions at absolute zero temperature.
When discussing the chemical energy contained, there are different types which can be quantified depending on the intended purpose. One is the theoretical total amount of thermodynamic work that can be derived from a system, at a given temperature and pressure imposed by the surroundings, called exergy.
The Arrhenius equation gives the quantitative basis of the relationship between the activation energy and the rate at which a reaction proceeds. From the equation, the activation energy can be found through the relation = / ()
Nuclear binding energy in experimental physics is the minimum energy that is required to disassemble the nucleus of an atom into its constituent protons and neutrons, known collectively as nucleons.
Photon energy is often measured in electronvolts. One electronvolt (eV) is exactly 1.602 176 634 × 10 −19 J [3] or, using the atto prefix, 0.160 217 6634 aJ, in the SI system.
Animation showing the tunnel effect and its application to an STM. Quantum tunnelling falls under the domain of quantum mechanics.To understand the phenomenon, particles attempting to travel across a potential barrier can be compared to a ball trying to roll over a hill.