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The phrase "management is what managers do" occurs widely, [21] suggesting the difficulty of defining management without circularity, the shifting nature of definitions [citation needed] and the connection of managerial practices with the existence of a managerial cadre or of a class.
Management (or managing) is the administration of organizations, whether they are a business, a nonprofit organization, or a government body. The following outline provides a general overview of the concept of management as a whole.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to business management: Business management – management of a business – includes all aspects of overseeing and supervising business operations. Management is the act of allocating resources to accomplish desired goals and objectives efficiently and effectively; it ...
Managerialism is the idea that professional managers should run organizations in line with organizational routines which produce controllable and measurable results. [1] [2] It applies the procedures of running a for-profit business to any organization, with an emphasis on control, [3] accountability, [4] measurement, strategic planning and the micromanagement of staff.
This first definition is the modern and traditional version more like what a personnel manager would have done back in the 1920s. [15] The second definition is that HRM circles the ideas of management of people in organizations from a macromanagement perspective like customers and competitors in a marketplace. [15]
Middle management is the intermediate management level of a hierarchical organization that is subordinate to the executive management and responsible for "team leading" line managers and/or "specialist" line managers. Middle management is indirectly (through line management) responsible for junior staff performance and productivity.
Staff management is the management of subordinates in an organization. Often, large organizations have many of these functions performed by a specialist department, such as personnel or human resources , but all line managers are still required to supervise and administer the activities and ensure the well-being of the staff that report to them.
Training and Development: develop and implement training programs and professional development opportunities for their employees. [33] Performance Management: a systematic process focused on enhancing organizational effectiveness by designing human resource metrics and implementing performance management systems. This approach provides ...