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Tissues of different types combine to form an organ which has a specific function. The intestinal wall for example is formed by epithelial tissue and smooth muscle tissue. [2] Two or more organs working together in the execution of a specific body function form an organ system, also called a biological system or body system.
An organ system is a biological system consisting of a group of organs that work together to perform one or more functions. [1] Each organ has a specialized role in an organism body, and is made up of distinct tissues.
In biology, tissue is an assembly of similar cells and their extracellular matrix from the same embryonic origin that together carry out a specific function. [1] [2] Tissues occupy a biological organizational level between cells and a complete organ. Accordingly, organs are formed by the functional grouping together of multiple tissues. [3]
This article contains a list of organs in the human body. It is widely believed that there are 79 organs (this number goes up if you count each bone and muscle as an organ on their own, which is becoming a more common practice [1] [2]); however, there is no universal standard definition of what constitutes an organ, and some tissue groups' status as one is debated. [3]
It is composed of many different types of cells that together create tissues and subsequently organs and then organ systems. The external human body consists of a head , hair , neck , torso (which includes the thorax and abdomen ), genitals , arms , hands , legs , and feet .
On the organ and tissue scale in mammals and other animals, examples include the circulatory system, the respiratory system, and the nervous system. On the micro to the nanoscopic scale, examples of biological systems are cells , organelles , macromolecular complexes and regulatory pathways.
A heterokaryon is the melding of two or more cells into one and it may reproduce itself for several generations. [4] If two of the same type of cells fuse but their nuclei do not fuse, then the resulting cell is called a syncytium. [5] Heterotypic cell fusion occurs between cells of different types.
Human physiology is the study of how the human body's systems and functions work together to maintain a stable internal environment. It includes the study of the nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, and urinary systems, as well as cellular and exercise physiology.