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Frangula purshiana (cascara, cascara buckthorn, cascara sagrada, bearberry, and in the Chinook Jargon, chittem stick and chitticum stick; syn. Rhamnus purshiana) is a species of plant in the family Rhamnaceae. It is native to western North America from southern British Columbia south to central California, and eastward to northwestern Montana.
Rhamnus cathartica is a deciduous, dioecious shrub or small tree growing up to 10 metres (33 ft) tall, with grey-brown bark and often thorny branches. The leaves are elliptic to oval, 25–90 mm (1– 3 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) long and 12–35 mm (1 ⁄ 2 – 1 + 3 ⁄ 8 in) broad; they are green, turning yellow in autumn, have toothed margins, and are arranged somewhat variably in opposite to ...
The berries and leaves of several species are mildly toxic to humans, dogs, cats, livestock, rabbits, and tortoises, containing terpenoid glycosides which can cause extreme irritation to the hands and mouth upon contact and digestive distress if ingested; children and small animals are particularly susceptible. [151]
The berries are edible, and the seeds inside have been used to make coffee substitute with limited success. [36] However, the bark of cascara, another member of the genus Frangula, is toxic. [37] Native Americans of the west coast of North America had several uses for the plant as food, and used parts of it as a traditional medicinal plant. [11]
Alder buckthorn charcoal is prized in the manufacture of gunpowder, being regarded as the best wood for the purpose. It is particularly highly valued for time fuses because of its very even burn rate. [4] [12] The wood was formerly used for shoe lasts, nails, and veneer. The bark yields a yellow dye, and the unripe berries furnish a green dye. [27
If you think you’ve swallowed a toxic plant by mistake, contact a poison control center at www.poison.org or 1-800-222-1222. Jessica Damiano writes weekly gardening columns for the AP and ...
Frangula caroliniana, commonly called the Carolina buckthorn, [3] is a deciduous upright shrub or small tree native to the southeastern, south-central, and mid-western parts of the United States, from Texas east to Florida and north as far as Maryland, Ohio, Missouri, and Oklahoma. [4]
An expert explains if mistletoe is poisonous to dogs and cats, and how to enjoy this romantic Christmas plant safely. ... “The leaves are more toxic than the berries. Reports of more severe ...