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  2. Supernumerary - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supernumerary

    Supernumerary actor, a performer in a film, television show, or stage production who has no role or purpose other than to appear in the background, more commonly referred to as an "extra" Supernumerary body part , most commonly a congenital disorder involving the growth of an additional part of the body and a deviation from the body plan

  3. Majority bonus system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majority_bonus_system

    A majority bonus system (MBS, also called a minority-friendly majoritarian system) is a mixed-member, partly-proportional electoral system that gives extra seats in a legislature to the party with a plurality or majority of seats. Typically, this is done with the aim of providing government stability, particularly in parliamentary systems.

  4. Compensation (electoral systems) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compensation_(electoral...

    The two common ways compensation occurs are seat linkage compensation (or top-up) and vote linkage compensation (or vote transfer). [3] Like a non-compensatory mixed system, a compensatory mixed system may be based on the mixed single vote (voters vote for a local candidate and that vote is used to set the party share of the popular vote for the party that the candidate belongs to) or it may ...

  5. United States congressional apportionment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States...

    Allocation of seats by state, as percentage of overall number of representatives in the House, 1789–2020 census. United States congressional apportionment is the process [1] by which seats in the United States House of Representatives are distributed among the 50 states according to the most recent decennial census mandated by the United States Constitution.

  6. List of legislatures by number of members - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_legislatures_by...

    The reason given is: Number of seats and population of some countries are not updated. When they are updated, the calculations like 'Lower to Upper House ratio' and 'population per seat' are not updated.. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (November 2023)

  7. List of United Kingdom Parliament constituencies (1832–1868)

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom...

    Sudbury (2 seats) disenfranchised for corruption: 400: 656 1852: St Albans (2 seats) disenfranchised for corruption: 399: 654 1861: Birkenhead (1 seats) enfranchised: 400: 656 South Lancashire (2 seats) awarded 1 extra seat for a total of 3 1865: West Riding of Yorkshire (2 seats) divided into: Northern West Riding of Yorkshire (2 seats)

  8. Supernumerary judge - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supernumerary_judge

    A supernumerary judge or supernumerary magistrate is a judge who has retired from a full-time position on a court, but continues to work part-time. Generally, when a judge becomes supernumerary a vacancy is created, and the appropriate person or body may subsequently make a new appointment to that Court.

  9. Sainte-Laguë method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sainte-Laguë_method

    To correct for the deficiency where a party can win a majority of votes but not a majority of seats, in federal elections the law provides such a party will receive extra seats until it has a majority of one. [24] In Denmark it is used for leveling seats in the Folketing, correcting the disproportionality of the D'Hondt method for the other ...