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  2. Equitable conversion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equitable_conversion

    Equitable conversion is a doctrine of the law of real property under which a purchaser of real property becomes the equitable owner of title to the property at the time he/she signs a contract binding him/her to purchase the land at a later date.

  3. Merger doctrine (property law) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merger_doctrine_(property_law)

    The merger also refers to the doctrine whereby "a fee simple estate, once fragmented into present and future interests, can thereafter be reconstituted. 'Merger is the absorption of a lesser estate by a greater estate, and takes place when two distinct estates of greater and lesser rank meet in the same person or class of persons at the same time without any intermediate estate.' "[1 ...

  4. Rule in Shelley's Case - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_in_Shelley's_Case

    The Rule in Shelley's Case is a rule of law that may apply to certain future interests in real property and trusts created in common law jurisdictions. [1]: 181 It was applied as early as 1366 in The Provost of Beverly's Case [1]: 182 [2] but in its present form is derived from Shelley's Case (1581), [3] in which counsel stated the rule as follows:

  5. Lateral and subjacent support - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lateral_and_subjacent_support

    If the landowner owns everything beneath the ground on his property, he may convey to another party the rights to mineral deposits under the land and other things requiring excavation, such as easements for buried conduits or for water wells. However, such a conveyance requires the recipient to prevent any damage to the surface of the land ...

  6. Rule against perpetuities - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_against_perpetuities

    The rule against perpetuities serves a number of purposes. First, English courts have long recognized that allowing owners to attach long-lasting contingencies to their property harms the ability of future generations to freely buy and sell the property, since few people would be willing to buy property that had unresolved issues regarding its ownership hanging over it.

  7. Four corners (law) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_corners_(law)

    The Four Corners Rule is a legal doctrine that courts use to determine the meaning of a written instrument such as a contract, will, or deed as represented solely by its textual content. The doctrine states that where there is an ambiguity of terms, the Court must rely on the written instrument solely and cannot consider extraneous evidence.

  8. Adverse possession - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adverse_possession

    Adverse possession in common law, and the related civil law concept of usucaption (also acquisitive prescription or prescriptive acquisition), are legal mechanisms under which a person who does not have legal title to a piece of property, usually real property, may acquire legal ownership based on continuous possession or occupation without the permission of its legal owner.

  9. Cuius est solum, eius est usque ad coelum et ad inferos

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuius_est_solum,_eius_est...

    At common law, property owners held title to all resources located above, below, or upon their land. Cuius est solum, eius est usque ad coelum et ad inferos (Latin for "whoever's is the soil, it is theirs all the way to Heaven and all the way to Hell") [1] is a principle of property law, stating that property holders have rights not only to the plot of land itself, but also the air above and ...