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This is a list of articles about prime numbers. A prime number (or prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself. By Euclid's theorem, there are an infinite number of prime numbers. Subsets of the prime numbers may be generated with various formulas for primes.
The progressions of numbers that are 0, 3, or 6 mod 9 contain at most one prime number (the number 3); the remaining progressions of numbers that are 2, 4, 5, 7, and 8 mod 9 have infinitely many prime numbers, with similar numbers of primes in each progression.
The PrimePages is a website about prime numbers originally created by Chris Caldwell at the University of Tennessee at Martin [2] who maintained it from 1994 to 2023.. The site maintains the list of the "5,000 largest known primes", selected smaller primes of special forms, and many "top twenty" lists for primes of various forms.
Mersenne primes and perfect numbers are two deeply interlinked types of natural numbers in number theory. Mersenne primes, named after the friar Marin Mersenne, are prime numbers that can be expressed as 2 p − 1 for some positive integer p. For example, 3 is a Mersenne prime as it is a prime number and is expressible as 2 2 − 1.
A full reptend prime, full repetend prime, proper prime [7]: 166 or long prime in base b is an odd prime number p such that the Fermat quotient = (where p does not divide b) gives a cyclic number with p − 1 digits.
Goldbach's weak conjecture, every odd number greater than 5 can be expressed as the sum of three primes, is a consequence of Goldbach's conjecture. Ivan Vinogradov proved it for large enough n (Vinogradov's theorem) in 1937, [1] and Harald Helfgott extended this to a full proof of Goldbach's weak conjecture in 2013. [2] [3] [4]
The following table lists the progression of the largest known prime number in ascending order. [4] Here M p = 2 p − 1 is the Mersenne number with exponent p, where p is a prime number. The longest record-holder known was M 19 = 524,287, which was the largest known prime for 144 years. No records are known prior to 1456.
Closing the Gap: The Quest to Understand Prime Numbers is a book on prime numbers and prime gaps by Vicky Neale, published in 2017 by the Oxford University Press (ISBN 9780198788287). The Basic Library List Committee of the Mathematical Association of America has suggested that it be included in undergraduate mathematics libraries.