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Metal halide bulbs come in a variety of spectra from 5000k on up to 20,000k and allow for a variety of light-hungry corals to survive under them. Many aquarists will use metal halide bulbs in conjunction with either power compact fluorescents or T5 fluorescents since halide lighting does not have the overall balanced effect of other light types.
Like other gas-discharge lamps such as the very-similar mercury-vapor lamps, metal-halide lamps produce light by ionizing a mixture of gases in an electric arc.In a metal-halide lamp, the compact arc tube contains a mixture of argon or xenon, mercury, and a variety of metal halides, such as sodium iodide and scandium iodide. [7]
Metal halides are available in many color temperatures, from 6500 K up to 20,000 K, though bulbs as high as 50,000 K are occasionally found. The downsides of metal halide lighting are the initial cost and the heat produced. Most metal halide fixtures are more expensive than fluorescent systems, but are required for some reef setups.
The choices for aquarium lighting are made complicated by variables such as color temperature, (measured in kelvins), color rendering index (CRI), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and lumens. Power output available to the hobbyist can range from a meager 9 W fluorescent lamp to a blinding 1000 W metal halide lamp. Lighting systems also ...
A stand or cabinet that supports the aquarium may be considered aquarium furniture. Also, many home reef aquariums canopies containing metal halide lights. Aquarium stands and canopies are often constructed to the same standards as high quality cabinetry. They can be custom built to not only support the tank itself, but to house control systems ...
Metal-halide and ceramic metal-halide lamps can be made to give off neutral white light useful for applications where normal color appearance is critical, such as TV and movie production, indoor or nighttime sports games, automotive headlamps, and aquarium lighting.
Full spectrum lighting also enhances the natural coloration of fish, plants and other aquatic elements in an aquarium, which are often discolored by artificial lights. Full spectrum lighting is typically used more in fresh-water aquariums since marine or coral-reef aquariums often require intensely blue light.
The halogens can all react with metals to form metal halides according to the following equation: 2M + nX 2 → 2MX n. where M is the metal, X is the halogen, and MX n is the metal halide. Sample of silver chloride. In practice, this type of reaction may be very exothermic, hence impractical as a preparative technique.
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