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Arabinogalactan endo-β-1,4-galactanase (EC 3.2.1.89, endo-1,4-β-galactanase, galactanase, arabinogalactanase, ganB (gene)) is an enzyme with systematic name arabinogalactan 4-β-D-galactanohydrolase.
It is often found attached to proteins, and the resulting arabinogalactan protein (AGP) functions as both an intercellular signaling molecule and a glue to seal plant wounds. [1] The microbial arabinogalactan is a major structural component of the mycobacterial cell wall. [2] [3] Both the arabinose and galactose exist solely in the furanose ...
In cancer patients whose cancer has metastasised, galectin-3 is higher still, suggesting that this galectin has a crucial role in metastasis. [18] Galectin-3 also binds to MUC-1, a very large transmembrane mucin, which on cancer cells changes expression from long core 2 type O-glycosylation to shorter core 1 type O-glycosylation. Core 2 glycans ...
HeLa cells are rapidly dividing cancer cells, and the number of chromosomes varies during cancer formation and cell culture. The current estimate (excluding very tiny fragments) is a "hypertriploid chromosome number (3n+)", which means 76 to 80 total chromosomes (rather than the normal diploid number of 46) with 22–25 clonally abnormal ...
A human cell has genetic material contained in the cell nucleus (the nuclear genome) and in the mitochondria (the mitochondrial genome). In humans, the nuclear genome is divided into 46 linear DNA molecules called chromosomes, including 22 homologous chromosome pairs and a pair of sex chromosomes. The mitochondrial genome is a circular DNA ...
Arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs) are highly glycosylated proteins (glycoproteins) found in the cell walls of plants. Each one consists of a protein with sugar molecules attached (which can account for more than 90% of the total mass). They are members of the wider class of hydroxyproline (Hyp)-rich cell wall glycoproteins, a large and diverse ...
Breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BRCA1 (/ ˌ b r æ k ə ˈ w ʌ n /) gene. [5] Orthologs are common in other vertebrate species, whereas invertebrate genomes may encode a more distantly related gene. [ 6 ]
Suppression of p53 in human breast cancer cells is shown to lead to increased CXCR5 chemokine receptor gene expression and activated cell migration in response to chemokine CXCL13. [66] One study found that p53 and Myc proteins were key to the survival of Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia (CML) cells. Targeting p53 and Myc proteins with drugs gave ...