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  2. Materiality (auditing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materiality_(auditing)

    Most importantly, due to the format of state and local government financial statements under GAAP, the AICPA Audit Guide for State and Local Governments requires auditors to consider materiality by "opinion unit" rather than for the financial statements taken as a whole. The Guide defines opinion units as follows:

  3. Financial audit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_audit

    A financial audit is conducted to provide an opinion whether " financial statements " (the information is verified to the extent of reasonable assurance granted) are stated in accordance with specified criteria. Normally, the criteria are international accounting standards, although auditors may conduct audits of financial statements prepared ...

  4. FIFO and LIFO accounting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FIFO_and_LIFO_accounting

    t. e. FIFO and LIFO accounting are methods used in managing inventory and financial matters involving the amount of money a company has to have tied up within inventory of produced goods, raw materials, parts, components, or feedstocks. They are used to manage assumptions of costs related to inventory, stock repurchases (if purchased at ...

  5. SOX 404 top–down risk assessment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOX_404_top–down_risk...

    Accounting. In financial auditing of public companies in the United States, SOX 404 top–down risk assessment (TDRA) is a financial risk assessment performed to comply with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX 404). Under SOX 404, management must test its internal controls; a TDRA is used to determine the scope of such testing.

  6. Audit substantive test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audit_substantive_test

    For example, an auditor may: physically examine inventory as evidence that inventory shown in the accounting records actually exists (existence assertion); inspect supporting documents like invoices to confirm that sales did occur (occurrence); arrange for suppliers to confirm in writing the details of the amount owing at balance date as evidence that accounts payable is a liability (rights ...

  7. Certified Public Accountant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certified_Public_Accountant

    t. e. Certified Public Accountant(CPA) is the title of qualified accountantsin numerous countries in the English-speaking world. It is generally equivalent to the title of chartered accountantin other English-speaking countries. In the United States, the CPA is a license to provide accountingservices to the public.

  8. Auditor independence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auditor_independence

    An example of the negative effects a long-term tenure has on auditor independence is the consideration to issue a going-concern opinion. For example, if an auditor has been auditing a firm for over 10 years, they may brush off a large problem in the company and issue a clean opinion because they believe that they are familiar with the company.

  9. ISA 500 Audit Evidence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISA_500_Audit_Evidence

    It requests the auditor to obtain 'sufficient' and 'appropriate' audit evidence in order to draw reasonable conclusions on which to base the audit opinion. The auditor considers reliability of audit evidence collected. For instance, audit evidence is more reliable when it exists in documentary form rather than subsequent oral representation of ...

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    financial audit proceduresfinancial statements audit