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In the era of Augustus and thereafter, Roman women used more varied first names and sometimes even two first names. Naming practice became less rigid, as is evidenced among women of the Julio-Claudian dynasty. While Augustus's wives were known by the name of their paternal gens (Claudia, Scribonia, and Livia) and Tiberius's wives were known by ...
By contrast, in imperial times the cognomen became the principal distinguishing element of the Roman name, and although praenomina never completely vanished, the essential elements of the Roman name from the second century onward were the nomen and cognomen. [2] Naming conventions for women also varied from the classical concept of the tria ...
Marcus (praenomen) Marcus (Latin pronunciation: [ˈmaːrkʊs]), feminine Marca or Marcia, is a Latin praenomen, or personal name, which was one of the most common names throughout Roman history. The praenomen was used by both patrician and plebeian families, and gave rise to the patronymic gens Marcia, as well as the cognomen Marcellus.
Praenomen. For the pharaonic throne name, see Prenomen (Ancient Egypt). The praenomen (Classical Latin: [prae̯ˈnoːmɛn]; plural: praenomina) was a personal name chosen by the parents of a Roman child. It was first bestowed on the dies lustricus (day of lustration), the eighth day after the birth of a girl, or the ninth day after the birth of ...
The nomen identified all free Roman citizens as members of individual gentes, originally families sharing a single nomen and claiming descent from a common ancestor. Over centuries, a gens could expand from a single family to a large clan, potentially including hundreds or even thousands of members. Some of these may have been the descendants ...
List of Roman cognomina. Roman gentes of Etruscan origin. Roman gentes of Hernician origin. Roman gentes of Latin origin from Alba Longa. Roman gentes of Latin origin from Praeneste. Roman gentes of Latin origin from Tibur. Roman gentes of Latin origin from Tusculum. Roman gentes of Picentine origin. Roman gentes of Sabine origin.
Women in ancient Rome. The educated and well-traveled Vibia Sabina (c. 136 AD) was a grand-niece of the emperor Trajan and became the wife of his successor Hadrian. [1] Freeborn women in ancient Rome were citizens (cives), [2] but could not vote or hold political office. [3] Because of their limited public role, women are named less frequently ...
Athena (Latin: Minerva) is the goddess of wisdom, war strategy, and arts and crafts. Often shown bearing a shield depicting the gorgon Medusa (Aegis) given to her by her father Zeus. Athena is an armed warrior goddess, and appears in Greek mythology as a helper of many heroes, including Heracles, Jason, and Odysseus.