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In stereochemistry, diastereomers (sometimes called diastereoisomers) are a type of stereoisomer. [1] Diastereomers are defined as non-mirror image, non-identical stereoisomers. Hence, they occur when two or more stereoisomers of a compound have different configurations at one or more (but not all) of the equivalent (related) stereocenters and ...
Enantiotopic groups are identical and indistinguishable except in chiral environments. For instance, the CH 2 hydrogens in ethanol (CH 3 CH 2 OH) are normally enantiotopic, but can be made different (diastereotopic) if combined with a chiral center, for instance by conversion to an ester of a chiral carboxylic acid such as lactic acid, or if coordinated to a chiral metal center, or if ...
The Darzens reaction (also known as the Darzens condensation or glycidic ester condensation) is the chemical reaction of a ketone or aldehyde with an α-haloester in the presence of a base to form an α,β- epoxy ester, also called a "glycidic ester". [1][2][3] This reaction was discovered by the organic chemist Auguste Georges Darzens in 1904 ...
Epimer. In stereochemistry, an epimer is one of a pair of diastereomers. [ 1 ] The two epimers have opposite configuration at only one stereogenic center out of at least two. [ 2 ] All other stereogenic centers in the molecules are the same in each. Epimerization is the interconversion of one epimer to the other epimer.
Cis–trans isomerism, also known as geometric isomerism, describes certain arrangements of atoms within molecules. The prefixes " cis " and " trans " are from Latin: "this side of" and "the other side of", respectively. [ 1 ] In the context of chemistry, cis indicates that the functional groups (substituents) are on the same side of some plane ...
Enantioselective synthesis, also called asymmetric synthesis, [1] is a form of chemical synthesis.It is defined by IUPAC as "a chemical reaction (or reaction sequence) in which one or more new elements of chirality are formed in a substrate molecule and which produces the stereoisomeric (enantiomeric or diastereomeric) products in unequal amounts."
Stereochemistry focuses on stereoisomers, red boxes in the picture. In stereochemistry, stereoisomerism, or spatial isomerism, is a form of isomerism in which molecules have the same molecular formula and sequence of bonded atoms (constitution), but differ in the three-dimensional orientations of their atoms in space. [1][2] This contrasts with ...
Asymmetric induction (also enantioinduction) describes the preferential formation in a chemical reaction of one enantiomer or diastereoisomer over the other as a result of the influence of a chiral feature present in the substrate, reagent, catalyst or environment. [ 1 ] Asymmetric induction is a key element in asymmetric synthesis.