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Part XXII is a compilation of laws pertaining to the constitution of India as a country and the union of states that it is made of. This part of the constitution contains Articles on short title, date of commencement, Authoritative text in Hindi and Repeals. [1]
Constitutional Law, Administrative Law, Comparative Law, Indian Legal System, Human Rights, and Law and Development Mahendra Pal Singh (born 15 July 1940), is a jurist and a scholar of constitutional law , administrative law and comparative law, and Professor Emeritus at University of Delhi.
Under Article 60: the duty of preserving, protecting, and defending the constitution and the law. Under Article 74: the prime minister is the head of the Council of Ministers, which aids and advises the president in the performance of their constitutional duties. Under Article 75(3): the Council of Ministers is answerable to the lower house.
The Preamble of the Constitution of India – India declaring itself as a country. The Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy and Fundamental Duties are sections of the Constitution of India that prescribe the fundamental obligations of the states to its citizens and the duties and the rights of the citizens to the State. These sections are considered vital elements of the ...
He is also a well known political scientist, an expert in the Indian Constitution, Constitutional Law, Parliamentary Experts and a distinguished scholar. He also headed an International Centre for Parliamentary Documentation, IPU at Geneva till 1983, He was the first Indian to head an International Organisation.
The Ninety-ninth Amendment of the Constitution of India, officially known as The Constitution (Ninety-ninth Amendment) Act, 2014, formed a National Judicial Appointments Commission. 16 State assemblies out of 29 States including Goa, Rajasthan, Tripura, Gujarat and Telangana ratified the Central Legislation, enabling the President of India to give assent to the bill.
Numerous experts have described the law as unconstitutional including former Law Commission chairman Justice A. P. Shah & former Supreme Court judge Madan Lokur. [ 44 ] [ 45 ] The criticism is largely focused on denying the right to freedom of religion and restricting women's rights to choose their partner.
Article 4 is invoked when a law is enacted under Article 2 or 3 for the marginal, incidental and the consequential provisions needed for changing boundary of a state or union territory. As per Article 4 (2), no such law framed under Article 4 (1), shall be deemed to be an amendment of the constitution for the purposes of article 368.